OCR GCSE History B key terms

Lending money in return for repayment plus an additional charge called interest.

An exclusive right to conduct a particular trade. The East India Company’s monopoly restricted other English subjects from trading in its assigned area without permission.

A seasonal wind system associated with a distinct rainy season in India.

An offence involving behaviour that authorities regarded as sinful or contrary to accepted standards of conduct.

The confidence and willingness of soldiers to continue fighting, particularly during hardship or danger.

A religious group belonging to the movement founded by Joseph Smith in 1830, whose members sought a community where they could practise their faith without persecution.

A raised earth mound forming a defensive strongpoint in a castle, usually topped by a tower.

A worker who swept streets and removed rubbish and waste.

The ruling family established in India by Babur in 1526, whose emperors gradually expanded Mughal power.

A small, finely detailed painting associated with the Mughal court, often made on paper for an illustrated manuscript or an album.

The Muslim ruling dynasty that established an empire in India in 1526 and expanded it under emperors including Akbar.

Officials appointed to supervise public morals and enforce rules on conduct, including restrictions on public drinking and gambling.

A society containing communities with different cultural and ethnic backgrounds.

Weapons, ammunition and other military equipment produced for use in war.

A collective fine imposed on a local community following the murder of a Norman when the killer was not produced.

The language spoken by the Mexica, the people at the centre of the Aztec Empire.

A critical term used by people who believe government interferes too much in individuals' choices, often in the name of protecting their health or welfare.

A far-right British political party whose racial nationalism provoked organised opposition during the 1970s.

The authorities governing the country as a whole, including the monarch and Parliament in early modern Britain.

The publicly funded healthcare service launched in Britain in 1948, intended to provide care according to medical need rather than ability to pay.

The importance of a place to events, institutions or developments affecting the country.

A contributory system established in 1911 that provided eligible workers with support during sickness or unemployment, funded by workers, employers and the state.

The transfer of privately owned industries or businesses into public ownership.

To grant a person citizenship and the rights associated with it.

The representation of people, animals or plants with close attention to their actual appearance.

Finding a vessel’s position and working out the direction in which it should travel.

The National Socialist German Workers’ Party, led by Adolf Hitler; an extreme right-wing party opposed to democracy and communism and committed to racist, antisemitic policies.