Key terms & definitions

An ordered, repeating arrangement of particles in a solid.

A polygon whose sides are all equal in length and whose interior angles are all equal.

A flat, straight-sided shape whose sides are all equal and whose interior angles are all equal.

A length of timber with a consistent, simple cross-sectional shape, commonly square or rectangular.

A solid with a simple geometric shape, such as a cuboid or cylinder, whose volume can be calculated from measurements of its dimensions.

The use of organised rules and oversight to control how an activity is conducted.

Rules and oversight governing media organisations and their content, including legal controls and industry or organisational standards.

The Reformed Christian teaching that worship should include only what God has authorised in Scripture.

Restoring a purged official’s political standing and allowing them to return to Party or government work.

Support that helps an offender change and return to a law-abiding life in society, such as education and training.

Helping an offender change their behaviour and develop the skills needed to live without committing crime.

Helping an offender change their thinking and behaviour, develop constructive skills and reduce the likelihood of further offending.

Support and interventions that help someone stop offending and build a crime-free life.

The Sikh code of conduct, setting out religious practices and standards of behaviour, including the commitments made at initiation.

Repeating information to keep it available in memory; in the multi-store model, rehearsal also enables transfer into long-term memory.

Consuming water to restore hydration by replacing water that has been lost.

An organisation established in 1933 to regulate cultural occupations and ensure that cultural production conformed to Nazi ideas.

The unified Protestant church organisation through which the Nazis attempted to bring Protestant churches under their influence, led by Reich Bishop Ludwig Müller.

The German currency introduced in 1924, backed by gold and stable foreign currencies; it circulated alongside the Rentenmark at equal value.

Germany’s national parliament, whose elected seats reflected the strength of political parties.

An emergency order signed by President Hindenburg on 28 February 1933 that suspended civil liberties and enabled the Nazis to imprison political opponents.

Another name for the Kingdom of God, emphasising God’s rule rather than a geographical territory.

Changing how an urban area is perceived, giving it a different image or reputation.

Being born again in another body after death.

The fibres or fragments held within a composite's matrix.

Strengthening a material or structure by adding supporting material or features.

A consequence that increases the likelihood of the behaviour it follows.

Helping an offender return to community life and make a positive contribution after taking responsibility and making amends.

An immune response in which the recipient's body recognises a transplanted organ as foreign and attacks it.

An immune response against transplanted cells or tissues recognised as foreign, which can damage the transplant.