OCR GCSE Physical Education key terms

A small airway branching from a bronchus and carrying air towards the alveoli.

One of the two main airways branching from the trachea, each leading into a lung.

The formation of additional capillaries, improving the exchange of substances between blood and surrounding tissues.

A tiny blood vessel with a wall one cell thick, where substances are exchanged between blood and surrounding tissues.

A nutrient that is the main fuel source for exercising muscles. Sources include bread, rice, pasta and potatoes.

An increase in the size and strength of the heart muscle through regular training.

The volume of blood pumped out of the heart per minute: $Q = HR \times SV$.

The ability of the heart and lungs to supply oxygen to working muscles during sustained physical activity.

One of the small bones at the wrist. Collectively, these are the carpals.

Connective tissue covering the ends of bones at a joint, cushioning them and reducing friction and wear during movement.

A series of exercise stations performed in sequence, with periods of work and recovery.

A circular movement of a limb that combines flexion, abduction, extension and adduction. The end of the limb traces a circle while the limb sweeps out a cone.

The collarbone, running across the upper chest between the sternum and shoulder.

A skill performed in a stable, predictable environment, allowing the movement to be performed in much the same way each time.

The process of developing sport and physical activity as a business to generate income and make a profit.

A skill requiring considerable concentration, decision-making or co-ordination, which usually takes longer to master.

Sustained exercise at a steady rate without rest periods.

A scale between two extremes, on which a skill can be placed according to its characteristics.

A routine performed after exercise to help the body return gradually towards a resting state.

Different body parts working together effectively, with appropriate timing, to perform a movement.

Disease involving narrowing or blockage of the arteries supplying the heart muscle, reducing its blood supply.

The part of the skull surrounding the brain.

A shortage of water in the body, occurring when water losses are not adequately replaced.

A muscle covering the top and outer shoulder that helps raise the arm sideways away from the body.

The UK government department responsible for policy in areas including culture, media and sport.

Behaviour that goes against society’s accepted norms and values. In sport, it includes deliberate cheating, violence and other intentional breaches of rules or ethical standards.

A sheet of muscle beneath the lungs that contracts and flattens during inhalation and relaxes into a dome during normal exhalation.