OCR GCSE Physical Education key terms

A circulation in which blood passes through the heart twice during one complete journey through the lungs and the body.

The length of time an activity lasts.

Achieving the intended result with minimal wasted energy or unnecessary movement.

The force applied to move a lever. In the body, contracting muscles provide the effort.

Differences in participation in physical activity and sport between social groups.

A scale classifying skills from open to closed according to how much the surrounding environment influences their performance.

Moral principles about what is right and wrong, rather than simply what is legal or illegal.

A movement that increases the angle at a joint, such as straightening the elbow or knee.

Feedback from outside the performer, such as a coach’s comments or information gained by seeing or hearing an outcome.

An external reward, such as prize money, sponsorship or public recognition.

‘Speed play’: training that varies pace and often terrain, combining slower activity with faster efforts.

An energy-rich nutrient that also provides insulation and cushioning around organs.

Information a performer receives about their performance, which can help them improve, repeat successful actions or correct errors.

The thigh bone, between the hip and knee.

Material in plant foods that is not digested and helps food and waste move through the digestive system.

The thinner lower-leg bone, on the outer side alongside the tibia.

A lever with the fulcrum between the effort and the load.

The ability to meet the demands of the environment efficiently.

A muscle that stabilises a joint or body part to support the agonist and prevent unwanted movement.

The range of movement possible at a joint.

A movement that decreases the angle at a joint, such as bending the elbow or knee.

The smooth, flowing execution of a movement, with its parts linked without unnecessary pauses or hesitation.

How often a performer trains, usually expressed as the number of training sessions each week.

An imaginary horizontal line running through the body from front to back, around which movement in the frontal plane occurs.

A vertical plane dividing the body into front and back portions.

Feelings of annoyance or anger when progress towards a goal is blocked, such as when a player performs poorly or their team is losing.

The pivot around which a lever turns; in the body this is usually a joint.