OCR GCSE History B key terms

A campaigner for women’s voting rights associated particularly with the militant methods of the Women’s Social and Political Union.

Campaigners for women’s voting rights associated particularly with the militant methods of the Women’s Social and Political Union.

A campaigner for women’s voting rights using peaceful, constitutional methods, associated particularly with the National Union of Women’s Suffrage Societies.

Campaigners for women’s voting rights associated particularly with the lawful, non-violent methods of the National Union of Women’s Suffrage Societies.

‘Universal peace’: Akbar’s principle of peaceful relations and tolerance between different religious communities.

A Muslim ruler exercising political and military authority.

A Lakota religious ceremony held at summer gatherings, expressing sacrifice and renewing connections between people and the spiritual and natural world.

A branch of Islam represented in this period by the Abbasid caliphs and the Seljuk rulers. Unlike the Shia Fatimids, the Abbasids did not claim the special spiritual insight of an imam.

A follower of the Sunni branch of Islam. Aurangzeb was a Sunni Muslim and promoted Sunni religious scholars and their interpretation of Islamic law.

An additional tax on very high incomes, introduced in the People’s Budget for those with annual incomes above £5,000.

Elizabeth I’s title as ruler of the Church of England, established by the Act of Supremacy in 1559.

Secret observation of people and their activities to gather information.

A system of production involving long hours, poor pay and harsh working conditions, often in small workshops.

Industrial action taken by workers in support of other workers involved in a dispute.

A Jewish place of worship and communal gathering.

An approach that emphasises direct industrial action and strong unions as the means of achieving workers’ control of industry.

A council of Church leaders meeting to discuss religious matters and rules.

Making a public commitment to join the expedition, marked by wearing a cloth cross.

A tax on imported goods. Tariff reform proposed changing Britain's trading policy by introducing protective import duties.

A campaign or belief encouraging people to limit or avoid drinking alcohol.

The Great Temple in Tenochtitlan: a stepped pyramid topped by separate shrines to Huitzilopochtli and Tlaloc.

A farmer who rents land from a landowner rather than owning it.

A person who held land directly from the king, such as a baron or bishop, and owed him obligations.

The capital of the Aztec Empire, built on an island in a lake, which Cortés and his men entered on 8 November 1519.

An answer supported by the available evidence but open to revision if further evidence changes the explanation.

The conditions under which someone held land from a lord.

The growth of the area controlled by a country, through processes such as settlement, conquest, purchase or treaties.