OCR GCSE History A key terms

An election result in which no single party has an overall majority of seats in the House of Commons.

The deliberate destruction or removal of religious images.

A set of beliefs about how society, government and the economy should be organised.

A person who moves into a country to live there.

Movement into a country to live there, either temporarily or permanently.

Rules governing who may enter a country and under what conditions they may stay.

A numerical limit on immigration, allocated according to an immigrant’s country of origin.

A process through which the House of Commons accused someone of serious wrongdoing, with the House of Lords hearing the case.

A conflict connected with extending, defending or challenging an empire’s power over territories and peoples.

A formal pardon protecting people from punishment for specified past offences, sometimes conditional on accepting the government’s authority.

A person bound to work for a master for a fixed term, often in exchange for passage to a colony. Unlike hereditary chattel slavery, the obligation was intended to end after that term.

A loose political and religious grouping which opposed compulsory state-regulated worship and supported religious freedom for non-Catholics. It had influential allies among senior Army officers.

The expansion of machine-powered production, factories and industrial transport, which transformed Britain’s economy and increased demand for labour.

A general rise in prices, which reduces what money can buy.

Government restrictions on African entry into and residence in urban areas, linking permission to live there to approved employment.

A movement founded by Mangosuthu Buthelezi in 1975, drawing strongly on Zulu nationalism and his position in KwaZulu. It became the Inkatha Freedom Party in 1990.

The written constitution introduced in December 1653 which established government under a Lord Protector, a Council of State and Parliament.

The process through which immigrants became part of the society where they settled, for example through work, marriage and participation in local life. Integration did not necessarily mean equal legal rights.

A person engaged in work involving specialised knowledge or ideas, such as a writer, academic, journalist or scientist.

People whose work centres on knowledge and ideas, such as teachers, scholars and writers.

Information gathered and assessed to help governments identify threats and make decisions.

A payment made by a borrower to a lender for the use of borrowed money, usually expressed as a percentage.

Contact and cooperation between people belonging to different religions.

Movement from one area to another within the same country, such as from northern English manufacturing towns to London.

Co-operation between countries to address shared problems and maintain peace through agreements and international organisations.

Imprisonment without trial, used in Northern Ireland from August 1971 in an attempt to contain violence.

The period between the abolition of monarchy in 1649 and its restoration in 1660.

An itemised record of possessions at a particular time.