OCR GCSE Geography B key terms

Activities people choose to do in their free time, such as sport, entertainment and visiting parks or beaches.

A naturally raised embankment beside a river channel, built from sediment deposited during repeated floods.

The percentage of a population living in towns and cities at a particular time.

A low-income developing country: a country with low average incomes and significant challenges in improving living standards.

The estimated average number of years a person can expect to live, based on mortality rates.

A line showing the overall relationship between plotted points on a scatter graph.

The percentage of people aged 15 and over who can read and write.

The rigid outer part of the Earth, consisting of the crust and uppermost mantle, divided into tectonic plates.

Dead organic material, such as fallen leaves, on the soil surface.

The sediment and dissolved material carried by a river or the sea.

The scale of a neighbourhood, town or community, rather than a whole country.

The movement of sediment along a beach as waves approach at an angle, carrying material up the beach, while backwash returns it downslope.

An area of relatively low land, often with flatter or gently rolling relief.

Molten rock beneath the Earth’s surface.

The size of something, such as the size of an earthquake.

Malthus's argument that population can grow faster than food supply, eventually causing shortages unless population growth is checked.

The thick layer of mostly solid rock between the Earth's crust and core, which can deform and flow very slowly.

The relationship between a distance on a map and the corresponding distance on the ground. A scale of $1:25\,000$ means one map unit represents 25,000 of the same units on the ground.

The movement of material downslope under gravity, including rockfalls, slides and slumps.

The number of maternal deaths associated with pregnancy or childbirth per 100,000 live births.

The sum of all numerical values divided by the number of values.

A winding bend in a river channel.

A statistic describing the centre or typical value of a dataset, such as its mean, median or mode.

The physical breakdown of rock without changing its chemical composition.

The use of machinery, such as tractors and combine harvesters, to carry out farming tasks.

Media products, such as television programmes and films, sold or licensed for use in other countries.

The middle value when data are ordered; for an even number of values, the mean of the two middle values.