OCR GCSE Geography B key terms

Housing that develops outside formal planning and regulation, often without secure land ownership or adequate basic services.

The basic systems needed for society and economic activity, such as roads, water supplies and electricity transmission networks.

The solid central part of the Earth's core, composed mainly of iron and nickel.

The strength or severity of an event, rather than how often it occurs.

Farming that uses high levels of inputs, such as fertilisers, machinery or animal feed, to produce a high output per unit area.

The capture of precipitation by vegetation before it reaches the ground.

The dependence of different parts of an ecosystem on one another, so a change in one part affects others.

An additional charge paid for borrowing money.

A warmer interval between glacial periods, during which glaciers and ice sheets retreat.

Money, supplies, equipment or expertise provided by another country or organisation to help people or support development.

Movement to live in a different country.

A body through which countries work together towards shared aims, such as maintaining security or supporting development.

The buying and selling of goods and services between countries. Exports are sold abroad; imports are bought from abroad.

Estimating a value within the range of the available data.

To explain the meaning of evidence, rather than only describing what is present.

The spread of the middle 50% of values, calculated as $Q_3-Q_1$.

A species introduced outside its natural range that spreads and causes harm to the environment.

The artificial supply of water to land to help crops grow.

The International Security Assistance Force: an international military mission in Afghanistan led by NATO from August 2003 until its completion in December 2014.

A line joining locations with the same value of a variable, such as height, rainfall or temperature.

The delay between peak rainfall and peak river discharge.

A natural physical feature of the Earth's surface, such as a waterfall, bay or beach.

The character of an area, resulting from the action and interaction of natural and human elements.

The purpose for which land is used, such as farming, forestry or housing.

The ENSO phase with sustained cooler-than-average surface waters in the central and eastern equatorial Pacific, accompanied by changes in atmospheric circulation.

The wearing away of a river's banks, widening its channel and helping bends move sideways.

Molten rock that has erupted onto the Earth’s surface.