OCR GCSE Geography A key terms

A circular graph with axes radiating from a central point, used to display values for different categories or variables.

The largest value minus the smallest value in a dataset.

A comparison between quantities, written in a stated order, such as 1:4.

Uneven distribution of income, opportunities and living standards between geographical areas.

The consistency of results when measurements are repeated using comparable methods and conditions.

The height and shape of the land, including differences between high and low ground.

Money sent by a migrant to people in their country of origin.

Energy obtained from a source that is naturally replenished, such as wind, sunlight or flowing water.

A sample reflecting the relevant characteristics and variation of the wider population or area being investigated.

A store of water, often created by building a dam across a river and flooding the land behind it.

The ability of a community or business to prepare for, cope with and recover from a hazard.

The movement of people back into central urban areas, often following a period of population decline.

The area of land drained by a river and its tributaries.

A steep river bank on the outside of a meander, formed by erosion.

A circular chart showing directional data, such as the frequency and speed of winds from different compass directions.

A model introduced in 1960 that proposes five stages of economic development, from a traditional society to high mass consumption.

A map emphasising routes and connections between places, such as a road, railway or bus network.

The movement of people from countryside areas to towns and cities to live.

Transport in which smaller sediment particles bounce or hop along the bed.

The movement of saltwater into freshwater supplies or soils, making water less suitable for drinking or irrigation and damaging crops.

The number of observations, measurements or people included in a sample.

Selecting part of a population or area to investigate rather than examining all of it.

Tropical grassland with scattered trees and distinct wet and dry seasons.

The relationship between distance along a graph axis and the values it represents.

A graph plotting paired values of two numerical variables to investigate their relationship.

A graph in which each point represents a pair of numerical values, allowing a relationship between two variables to be examined.

Information already available from other sources, such as published records, maps or earlier surveys.

Rock formed from accumulated material, often in layers that become compacted and cemented together, such as chalk, limestone or shale.