OCR GCSE Geography A key terms

Catching fish faster than their population can replace them through reproduction.

Placing geographical layers over one another so that their locations and relationships can be compared.

A curved lake formed when a meander is cut off from the main river channel.

A recognisable arrangement or form in a set of data, such as a repeating seasonal cycle.

A proportion expressed out of 100.

An increase or decrease expressed as a percentage of the original value.

A value marking a specified percentage position in data ordered from smallest to largest. For example, approximately 80% of values lie at or below the 80th percentile.

The viewpoint from which someone describes or interprets an issue, influenced by their experiences, interests or role.

A chart using repeated pictures or symbols to represent quantities, with a key giving the value of each symbol.

A circle divided into sectors whose sizes show the proportions of categories within a whole.

A deep hollow at the foot of a waterfall, enlarged by erosion.

A diagram using horizontal bars to show the age and sex structure of a population.

The composition of a population, particularly its distribution by age and sex.

A relationship in which one variable generally increases as the other increases.

Water reaching the ground from the atmosphere, including rain, snow, sleet and hail.

The difference in atmospheric pressure over a distance. A steeper pressure gradient produces stronger winds.

The direction from which the wind blows most frequently.

Original information collected first-hand for an investigation.

Energy consumption measured before losses during conversion and transformation, such as fuel being converted into electricity.

A product obtained directly from farming, fishing, forestry or mining, rather than through manufacturing.

A part expressed in relation to the whole, often as a fraction, decimal or percentage.

A symbol whose size represents the quantity at a location; for proportional circles, area is proportional to the value.

Indirect evidence used to reconstruct past climate, such as tree-ring widths or the chemical composition of ice.

A feature that attracts someone to a destination, such as the prospect of employment.

A condition that encourages someone to leave their place of origin, such as a shortage of work.

Descriptive information, such as field notes or interview responses.

Numerical information, such as a measured river depth or a pedestrian count.