OCR GCSE Geography A key terms

A change in behaviour, technology or management that helps people cope with conditions such as drought.

A country with a relatively highly developed economy, generally high average incomes and extensive services.

A small solid particle or liquid droplet suspended in the atmosphere. Some aerosols reflect sunlight and have a cooling effect.

A population in which the proportion of older people is increasing.

The benefits businesses and workers gain from being concentrated near one another, including sharing skills, suppliers and knowledge.

Assistance provided to people or countries, including money, goods, skills and services.

A large body of air with broadly similar temperature and moisture content, acquired from the region where it forms.

Examining evidence to identify patterns, relationships, contrasts or the way an argument is constructed.

A short explanatory note attached to a particular feature of a graph, chart or image.

A result that differs noticeably from the overall pattern.

Caused by human activity.

An area of high atmospheric pressure, usually bringing settled, relatively dry weather.

An opening eroded through a headland, with a roof of rock remaining above it.

The size of a surface or region, measured in square units such as m² or km².

A person who has requested protection in another country and is awaiting a decision on their claim.

A map in a collection of maps, often showing countries, regions or the world and information such as relief, population or climate.

The force per unit area exerted by the weight of the air above a surface. Rising air is associated with lower surface pressure; sinking air with higher surface pressure.

Descriptive information linked to a mapped feature, such as a building’s use or the number of people living there.

The wearing down of sediment particles as they collide, becoming smaller, smoother and rounder.

A summary measure of the money people or households receive. Comparisons must use the same measure, such as mean or median income, over the same period.

A period with unusually high numbers of births, producing a large generation that moves through the population's age groups over time.

A graph using separate bars to compare values for different categories or discrete observations.

A background map showing locations and reference features onto which other geographical information can be added.

An indentation in the coastline where the land curves inwards.

An accumulation of sand or shingle along the shore, formed by deposition.

A tendency to favour a particular viewpoint through the selection, presentation or omission of information.

Assistance given directly by the government of one country to another country.