Eduqas GCSE History key terms

Execution imposed as a legal punishment for a crime.

A European sailing vessel used in exploration, relatively light and manoeuvrable, which could carry triangular sails.

A large, ocean-going sailing vessel used for trade or warfare.

The nickname for the 1913 Prisoners Temporary Discharge for Ill Health Act, which allowed hunger-striking prisoners to be released when seriously weakened and rearrested after recovering.

A Christian who recognises the Pope’s authority as head of the Roman Catholic Church.

A branch of Christianity which recognises the Pope’s authority. Catholics believe that the bread and wine become Christ’s body and blood during Mass.

A raised road across water or low-lying ground. Causeways connected Tenochtitlan to the shores of Lake Texcoco.

Using heat to burn tissue, for example to seal a wound or stop bleeding.

Soldiers who fight on horseback.

The restriction or suppression of information by the authorities.

An economic system in which the state decides what enterprises should produce and how resources should be allocated.

The head of the German government. Hitler was appointed to this position on 30 January 1933.

A simple style of singing used particularly in religious worship.

A person who accompanied someone in public to supervise their behaviour. Young women were traditionally expected to have a chaperone when meeting male companions.

A nickname for a nightwatchman, including those who patrolled Liverpool’s four districts from 1787.

A formal written document granting rights or privileges. Richard II issued charters promising freedom to rebels, then revoked them.

Cancer treatment that uses drugs to attack cancer cells.

A fast-moving mounted raid that destroyed and plundered enemy countryside to damage resources, weaken morale and sometimes provoke a battle.

An artificial raised agricultural plot constructed in shallow lake water, used to grow crops.

A medieval ideal of knightly conduct emphasising courage, loyalty, honour, religious duty and protection of the vulnerable.

An organised group whose members sing together.

A bacterial intestinal infection spread through contaminated water or food, causing severe diarrhoea and stomach cramps.

A court under Church authority which dealt with religious and moral offences and cases involving clergy.

An organised religious gathering in which people move together along a route, often praying as they go.

An entertainment show combining films with live variety acts.

A voyage all the way around the world. The Magellan–Elcano expedition completed the first circumnavigation in 1522.

The duty of citizens to help maintain order in their town or local community.