Eduqas GCSE History key terms

An institution for young offenders combining strict discipline with education, training and organised activities.

The organised crime-catching officers associated with the Fielding brothers’ magistrates’ office at Bow Street in eighteenth-century London.

A refusal to buy goods or use services as a means of applying pressure. The Nazis organised a nationwide boycott of Jewish businesses on 1 April 1933.

The loss of skilled or educated people through emigration, which weakens the country they leave.

An organised group of musicians playing mainly brass instruments, often associated in nineteenth-century Britain with a workplace or local community.

Loading ammunition into the rear of a gun barrel rather than through its muzzle.

The policy that the Soviet Union could intervene in another communist country to preserve communist rule.

Money or another benefit offered to influence someone to misuse their position.

A local place of detention used to hold people in custody.

A small sailing vessel. Cortés used brigantines on Lake Texcoco to support attacks on Tenochtitlan and fight its defenders’ canoes.

Taking a confrontation to the brink of war to pressure an opponent into giving way.

The transmission of programmes by radio or television to an audience.

A discharge of guns mounted along one side of a warship.

Money paid to compensate a player for wages lost by missing work to take part in sport.

A painful, swollen lymph node, especially in the armpit or groin, characteristic of bubonic plague.

A bacterial disease caused by Yersinia pestis, commonly transmitted to humans through infected fleas, which produces painful swellings called buboes.

The government’s annual proposals for raising revenue through taxation and spending public money.

The amount by which government spending exceeds government revenue during a particular period, usually a year.

A country positioned between potentially hostile powers, intended to provide protection against attack.

An entertainment in which a bull was restrained and attacked by dogs while spectators watched.

Gold or silver held in bulk, valued principally for its precious-metal content.

The armed forces established by West Germany in 1955.

A written record of burials in a parish, which can provide evidence about deaths during an epidemic.

Buying shares using a small payment of one's own money and borrowing the rest. The debt remains payable if the shares lose value.

The eastern Roman empire, governed from Constantinople, through whose territory the French and German crusading armies travelled.

An Aztec neighbourhood or community organisation responsible for local administration, religious observances and collecting payments.

A person who accompanied an army without necessarily being an enlisted soldier, often as a soldier’s relative or a provider of essential services.