Edexcel GCSE Physical Education key terms

Low-intensity movement, such as walking or gentle jogging, used to recover between harder efforts rather than stopping completely.

How much physical activity a person undertakes and how regularly they undertake it.

Movement of a limb towards the body's midline.

Physical activity in which energy is released mainly using oxygen, allowing sustained effort.

Exercise in which energy is released mainly through aerobic processes that use oxygen; this supports sustained activity.

The release of energy from glucose using oxygen, producing carbon dioxide and water.

The heart-rate range from 60% to 80% of estimated maximum heart rate, used to guide training for aerobic endurance.

Training that mainly uses energy released aerobically, with oxygen, typically through sustained activity.

The ability to change direction quickly while maintaining control.

The muscle or muscle group that contracts to produce a particular movement; also called the prime mover.

Tiny air sacs in the lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged between air and blood.

A tiny air sac in the lungs where oxygen passes into the blood and carbon dioxide passes out of it.

A drug that promotes muscle growth and can increase strength and speed up recovery from training.

High-intensity physical activity in which energy is released without using oxygen, supporting short bursts of effort.

High-intensity exercise in which anaerobic processes release energy without using oxygen; this supports brief, intense efforts.

The release of energy from glucose without using oxygen; in working muscles, this produces lactate.

The heart-rate range from 80% to 90% of estimated maximum heart rate, used to guide higher-intensity anaerobic training.

Training involving high-intensity efforts in which energy is released anaerobically, without oxygen.

A result that stands out because it does not fit the general pattern of the data.

The muscle or muscle group that opposes the agonist and relaxes to allow the particular movement.

Two muscles or muscle groups that produce opposing movements at a joint. As one contracts to produce a movement, the other relaxes to allow it.

An increase in heart rate before exercise begins, caused by the release of adrenaline.

Feelings of worry, nervousness or unease; persistent anxiety can interfere with everyday life.

The main artery carrying oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the body.

A small artery that supplies blood to capillaries and can change its diameter to regulate blood flow.

A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart.

An upper chamber of the heart that receives blood returning through veins. The plural is atria.