History key terms

A design school founded by Walter Gropius in 1919, combining art, craftsmanship and technology with an emphasis on practical design.

A protected position established after landing in enemy territory, allowing troops and supplies to come ashore.

Animals used to carry supplies and equipment rather than riders.

A regular route or area patrolled by a police officer.

A uniformed police officer who regularly patrolled a particular area, aiming to prevent crime, maintain order and learn about local people and places.

A Nazi programme that promoted improvements to workplaces, such as showers, canteens, lighting and ventilation.

The British Expeditionary Force: the professional British army sent to fight in France and Belgium in 1914.

Darius’ royal inscription and relief at Behistun, presenting his accession and victories over rebels as legitimate and divinely supported.

Monks or nuns who follow the Rule of St Benedict, organising their lives around prayer, work and religious discipline.

Someone who has provided help or a gift to another person. Syloson claimed this status when seeking a reward from Darius.

The right to be tried in a Church court rather than a secular court, originally intended for clergy but extended to others who could pass a reading test.

The campaign for Bengali to be recognised as a state language of Pakistan, remembered particularly through the protesters killed in Dhaka on 21 February 1952.

The operation in which American and British aircraft supplied West Berlin with essentials, including food and fuel, during the Soviet blockade.

The Soviet closure of road, rail and water routes into West Berlin from 24 June 1948 to 12 May 1949, intended to pressure the Western Allies.

A guarded border barrier erected by East German authorities, with Soviet backing, from August 1961 to prevent people escaping through West Berlin.

A perspective or preference that influences how evidence is selected and presented.

A large handwritten public poster used to express political messages, demands or criticism.

The three leading Allied peacemakers in 1919: Woodrow Wilson of the USA, Georges Clemenceau of France and David Lloyd George of Britain.

A record of a charge for particular goods or services.

Housing soldiers in civilian homes or other buildings, often requiring inhabitants to provide food as well.

Accommodation provided for soldiers, including lodging supplied by local people.

A parliamentary measure declaring a person guilty and imposing punishment without securing a conviction through the usual trial process.

A law passed in 1689 which restricted royal power and protected Parliament’s authority over matters including taxation, legislation and its own proceedings.

Weekly records listing numbers of burials and reported causes of death in London’s parishes.

A hospital in the medieval Islamic world, where patients could receive medical treatment as well as care.

An account of a person’s life, often organised to reveal their character as well as describe their actions.

A small sample of tissue or cells taken from the body for examination to help identify disease.

Support or cooperation involving both major US political parties: the Democrats and Republicans.

A senior Church official responsible for overseeing churches and clergy in an area.

The wars of 1639 and 1640 arising from Charles I’s attempts to impose his religious authority on Scotland.