Key terms & definitions

Campaigners for women’s voting rights associated particularly with the lawful, non-violent methods of the National Union of Women’s Suffrage Societies.

A person regarded as especially close to Allah through holiness and devotion; often described as a friend of Allah.

The inner, spiritual dimension of Islam, concerned with purifying the self and developing a close relationship with Allah.

A simple carbohydrate molecule that can act as a building block for larger carbohydrates; glucose is an example.

A type of carbohydrate molecule; sugar molecules form the units on which starch is based.

A carbohydrate that provides sweetness and can undergo caramelisation when heated sufficiently.

The 1764 British law that reduced the duty on imported molasses but strengthened enforcement to collect revenue from colonial trade.

The alternating chain of sugar and phosphate groups running along a strand of DNA.

The meal eaten before dawn in preparation for the daily fast.

The meal eaten before dawn before a day’s fast begins.

Equipment is suitable for a measurement if it can give a useful reading for the wave being investigated, with limitations that can be identified and evaluated.

A person seeking marriage with someone; Bassanio is a suitor to Portia.

A man seeking to marry a woman. In the Odyssey, the suitors seek Penelope’s hand while occupying and consuming the resources of Odysseus’ household.

Amitabha's Pure Land, the 'Land of Bliss', understood by many Pure Land Buddhists as a realm offering ideal conditions for enlightenment.

A temporary booth with a roof of plant material, used during Sukkot to recall the Israelites' shelters in the wilderness.

The Jewish Festival of Booths, celebrating the harvest and remembering the Israelites' life in temporary shelters after leaving Egypt.

A negatively charged ion with the formula $\mathrm{SO_4^{2-}}$.

An acidic gas with the formula SO₂ that dissolves in water and contributes to acid rain.

A gas, $\mathrm{SO_2}$, that causes respiratory problems and contributes to acid rain.

‘Universal peace’: Akbar’s principle of peaceful relations and tolerance between different religious communities.

A Muslim ruler exercising political and military authority.

The result of an addition.

A focused account of the relevant information and ideas in a text or texts, expressed mainly in your own words.

A number that describes an aspect of a data set, such as its typical value or spread.

A value that summarises an aspect of a dataset, such as its mean, median or interquartile range.

The combining of excitatory and inhibitory inputs received by a neuron, which determines whether it reaches the threshold for firing.

A high-level meeting between political leaders to discuss important international issues.

The total obtained by squaring the difference between the two ranks for each pair, then adding these squares: $\sum d^2$.

A law restricting spending or luxury goods; Elizabethan clothing regulations controlled permitted fabrics and decoration according to social standing.

A law restricting expenditure or display, including which clothes and fabrics people of particular ranks or incomes could wear.