Key terms & definitions

A peasant who was legally free rather than bound to a lord, and who could rent and cultivate land.

A pricing approach that provides a basic product free of charge but charges for additional features or services.

A funding model offering basic access free of charge while charging for additional content or features.

The principle allowing EU citizens to move between EU member states to live and work, subject to the applicable rules.

Particles that are able to move or be released from a product, making exposure more likely.

Oxygen molecules, O₂, that are not chemically combined with other elements in a compound.

Media able to report news and express opinions without government censorship or political control, while remaining subject to the law.

A reactive substance that can damage body cells.

Animal production in which animals have access to the outdoors for at least part of the day.

Retrieving information without being given prompts or cues.

A small quantity of a product given without charge so that customers can try it before buying.

A government-funded school outside local-authority control, with freedoms over its curriculum and staff pay and conditions. Free schools are all-ability schools and cannot select pupils by academic ability.

Qualification for free school meals under the relevant eligibility rules. In educational statistics, this is commonly used as an indicator of low household income.

A US state in which slavery was prohibited by law; this did not mean that Black people enjoyed equal rights.

Sugars added to food and drink, together with sugars naturally present in honey, syrups and fruit juices. Sugars within intact fruit and naturally present in milk are not free sugars.

A funding model in which a game is available without an initial purchase, often earning revenue through optional in-game purchases.

Trade between countries without restrictions such as protective import duties.

Trade between countries with tariffs and other trade barriers removed or reduced through agreements.

Poetry without a regular metre or fixed rhyme scheme; it can still contain patterns of rhythm, sound and stanza organisation.

A person's ability to choose and act, rather than simply having events imposed upon them.

The ability to make genuine choices about how to act, including whether to obey or disobey God.

The capacity to choose how to act, including choosing to resist social pressure.

Drying and deterioration of frozen food exposed to cold, dry air; it affects quality rather than safety.

The breaking apart of rock through repeated freezing, expansion and thawing of water in cracks.

The change of state from a liquid to a solid.

The change from a liquid to a solid.

The change of state from liquid to solid.

Storing food at about −18°C, which stops most bacterial growth but does not reliably kill bacteria.

Armed groups of former German soldiers, many with extreme nationalist and anti-communist beliefs, active after the First World War.

The North American conflict of 1754–63 between Britain and France, involving colonial forces and Indigenous allies; it became part of the wider Seven Years’ War.