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GCSE Chemistry · key term
The change of state from a liquid to a solid.
Used by AQA, Edexcel and OCR
Specification 4.2.2.1 · Paper 1
Revise: States of MatterMelting is the change from solid to liquid; the reverse process is freezing. Both take place at the substance's melting point. Boiling is the change from liquid to gas throughout the liquid; the reverse process is condensing.
Specification 2.2 · Paper 1
The physical change from a liquid state to a solid state.
Revise: Interconversions Between StatesFreezing reverses melting, condensation reverses evaporation or boiling, and deposition reverses sublimation. Familiar water provides several examples: ice melts to form liquid water, liquid water freezes to form ice, and water vapour condenses into liquid droplets on a cold window.
Specification C1.1a, C2.3e · Paper 1 (Foundation), Paper 3 (Higher)
The change from the liquid state to the solid state when energy is transferred from a substance.
Revise: Features of the Particle ModelMelting and freezing are reverse processes, as are boiling and condensing.
A change of state from a liquid to a solid.
Paper 1 (Foundation), Paper 2 (Foundation), Paper 3 (Higher), Paper 4 (Higher)
The change of state from liquid to solid.
A change from liquid to solid in which energy is transferred from the substance to the surroundings.
Use the direction of energy transfer: energy is transferred to the substance during melting and boiling, and from the substance during freezing and condensing.
Use precise directions for state changes: solid → liquid is melting; liquid → gas is boiling; gas → liquid is condensing; liquid → solid is freezing.
Do not say that heating through a change of state creates a new substance; melting, boiling, freezing and condensing are physical changes.
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