Key terms & definitions

The structure and composition of a family, such as nuclear, extended or lone-parent.

A movement that builds supportive, extended-family-style groups within parishes, welcoming people of different ages and family circumstances.

A diagram showing how a characteristic appears across generations of a family.

A diagram tracing the inheritance of a characteristic through generations of a family.

Government measures intended to influence when people have children and how many children they have.

Deciding whether and when to have children, how many to have and how to space pregnancies.

A responsibility or pattern of behaviour expected of someone within a family, such as earning income, caring for children or managing household resources.

A diagram showing relationships between individuals and the inheritance of a characteristic across generations; also called a pedigree.

A diagram that shows biological relationships and the occurrence of an inherited characteristic through several generations of a family.

A political and cultural phrase associated with defending traditional family arrangements and moral values; it was prominent in conservative American debate during the 1980s.

Worship in which parents and children participate together, sharing prayer, praise and learning about Christianity.

An extreme shortage of food that causes widespread hunger and starvation.

An extreme food shortage affecting a population, causing widespread severe hunger and potentially deaths from starvation.

A severe and widespread shortage of food that causes hunger and malnutrition.

A severe shortage of food affecting a population.

A person with a strong interest in or attachment to a particular media product, performer or character.

A community of fans whose shared interest can involve discussion, participation and creating or circulating content.

Keeping supporters of opposing teams apart to reduce opportunities for confrontation.

Comedy using exaggerated situations, disguise, misunderstandings and ridiculous behaviour to provoke laughter.

An obligatory action under Islamic law, such as required prayer or fasting; also called wajib.

An imperial order which could grant rights or privileges, such as permission for a company to trade.

Adding other income-generating activities to farming, such as providing tourist accommodation.

A worker specialising in shoeing horses.

An extreme nationalist political position; groups active in Notting Hill promoted racial exclusion and hostility towards non-white migrants.

A framework worn beneath a skirt to hold it out in a fashionable shape.

Training that varies speed, terrain and work:recovery ratios within a session.

Bundles of rods incorporating axes, used as Roman symbols of political office, power and authority.

An extreme right-wing political ideology associated with racism and nationalism.

An authoritarian political ideology associated with extreme nationalism, obedience to a powerful leader and the suppression of opposition.

A style or appearance that is popular for a particular period.