Key terms & definitions

Bringing someone up with knowledge of a religion’s beliefs, values and practices.

Remaining loyal to a partner and keeping the commitment to an exclusive relationship.

An organisation through which people practise a religion and may also organise education, support and community activities.

Deliberately false information presented as news to deceive audiences, often for political or commercial advantage.

Adam and Eve’s first disobedience to God and the resulting loss of harmony between humanity and God.

The part of a cam's cycle during which the follower moves downwards.

A historical, judgemental label applied to a woman considered sexually impure, especially for having sex outside marriage. It expresses society’s beliefs, not an objective measure of her worth.

The downward section of the discharge line as river discharge decreases after its peak; also called the recession limb.

Land left without a sown crop for a period so that the soil could rest.

A year in which the festival is not held, allowing the farmland to recover and providing time for improvements and a break for staff and the local community.

In Marxist theory, a failure by members of an exploited class to recognise their shared class interests because they accept ideas that justify the existing system.

An image in which colours represent selected wavelengths rather than the colours that human eyes would normally see.

An apparent resolution that makes the audience think the conflict is over before a further event overturns it.

In Propp’s theory, a character who claims credit for the hero’s actions or attempts to take their reward.

A deliberately untrue statement.

A recollection of an event that did not happen, or that happened substantially differently from how it is remembered.

A test result that incorrectly indicates that a particular allele or condition is absent.

A test result indicating that a particular allele is absent when it is actually present.

A test result that incorrectly indicates that a particular allele or condition is present.

An incorrect positive result caused by something other than the ion being tested for.

A test result indicating that a particular allele is present when it is actually absent.

Untrue evidence given against someone. Mark describes the witnesses’ accusation about Jesus destroying the Temple as false testimony.

A Roman household, including family members and enslaved people, rather than only a modern nuclear family.

An animal or creature believed to be a spirit assisting a witch.

An apostolic exhortation issued by Pope John Paul II in 1981 about the role of the Christian family in the modern world.

A group of organic compounds with related structures and similar chemical properties.

A group of people related by blood, marriage or adoption.

A social unit consisting of a married, civil-partnered or cohabiting couple, with or without dependent children, or a lone parent with dependent children.

Nixon’s proposed welfare reform establishing a national minimum payment for families with dependent children and extending support to the working poor; it failed to pass the Senate.

Variation in family structures, relationships, beliefs and experiences, both between families and over time.