Key terms & definitions

A resource used to produce goods or provide services. The four factors are land, labour, capital and enterprise.

Multiplication by 10; for example, a ten-fold increase changes 2 into 20.

Two integers whose product is a given number; for example, 3 and 6 are a factor pair of 18.

The numbers being multiplied together in a multiplication.

For a polynomial $f(x)$, $f(r)=0$ if and only if $x-r$ is a factor of .

A trading post where merchants stored, bought and sold goods; in this context, it did not mean a modern industrial manufacturing building.

Intensive farming that keeps large numbers of animals, often indoors with limited space and freedom.

A transition in which an image gradually disappears into a blank screen, usually black, or gradually appears from it.

Any outcome that is not a success. If the probability of success is $p$, the probability of failure is $1-p$.

A chance experiment is fair when its possible individual outcomes are equally likely.

A die for which each face has an equal probability of landing uppermost.

An object or process whose possible outcomes are equally likely, such as a fair six-sided die.

An experiment in which the outcomes being compared are equally likely.

A game in which the player's expected winnings equal the cost of playing, so neither player nor organiser gains on average.

Treating people rightly and without bias or unjust treatment.

Payment that fairly rewards a person’s work, taking account of their needs and the circumstances of their employment.

A test in which only the independent variable is changed while relevant control variables are kept constant.

An approach to trade that gives producers fairer trading conditions, including price protection and support for community development.

An approach to trade that aims to secure fairer prices and trading conditions for producers, protect workers from exploitation and support communities.

A trading system intended to give producers fairer terms, including minimum prices for many products and an additional premium for producer or community projects.

A certification system with standards intended to support fairer trading conditions for producers and workers, including farmers in developing countries.

A certification system with standards intended to support fairer trading terms and better conditions for producers and workers.

A trading system that aims to give producers fairer prices and improve working conditions, helping farmers and workers support their families.

A price safety net that protects producers when market prices fall, while allowing them to benefit when market prices rise.

Extra money paid to producers, in addition to the product price, which farmers and workers decide how to invest.

Additional money received by Fairtrade producer organisations or workers, who decide how to invest it in improvements such as education, healthcare or their business.

A legal hearing in which the accusation and evidence are examined impartially and the accused has a proper opportunity to defend themselves.

Belief and trust in something beyond what can be proved; religious faith commonly includes trust in God. In Silas Marner, religious faith is closely connected with trust in other people.

Trust in God and commitment to Jesus Christ, rather than simply knowing that Christian beliefs exist.

A religious commitment that can influence a person’s values, choices and everyday life.