Key terms & definitions

People who share an identity based on cultural traditions or characteristics, such as language or religion.

A sense of belonging to a group with a shared cultural background, which may include language, traditions or religion.

A sense of belonging connected to shared ancestry, history, language or cultural traditions.

A shared cultural background or identity, which may involve ancestry, language and traditions; it is not the same as birthplace or nationality.

A person's ethnic identity, associated with shared cultural background, heritage or ancestry; it is not the same as nationality or migration status.

A shared ethnic background or identity associated with features such as ancestry, cultural traditions and history. Ethnicity is not the same as religion.

A shared cultural identity associated with characteristics such as ancestry, language, religion and traditions.

A person's ethnic background, associated with shared ancestry, cultural heritage and traditions.

An identity connected with shared cultural heritage, ancestry or traditions. It is not interchangeable with nationality.

An identity associated with shared cultural heritage, such as origins, traditions, language and beliefs; it is not simply nationality or skin colour.

A group with a shared cultural, linguistic or ancestral identity that differs from the majority population.

A group within a population whose ethnic background or heritage differs from that of the majority.

An ethnic group that does not form the majority within a particular society.

A group with a shared ethnic identity that forms a smaller proportion of a society's population than the majority ethnic group.

A curriculum biased towards one culture through what it includes, omits or how it presents material; a focus on Western literature and history is an example.

Writing that describes the customs, origins and characteristics of peoples.

An in-depth study of a group's culture and everyday life, often using observation.

An appeal to an audience’s trust in the speaker’s character, reputation or credibility.

The conventions governing polite social behaviour, such as table manners.

A convention or unwritten rule in a sport that performers are expected to observe, although it is not an enforceable playing rule.

The European Union: a grouping of European countries cooperating economically and politically, developed from earlier organisations including the EEC.

The Christian celebration recalling Jesus’ Last Supper, using bread and wine; also called Holy Communion.

Worship of Christ believed to be truly present in the consecrated Eucharist, including prayer outside Mass.

The central prayer of thanksgiving and sanctification in the Mass, during which the bread and wine become Christ’s Body and Blood.

The ability of citizens of European Union countries to move between member countries to live and work, subject to the applicable rules.

The idea that a population could be ‘improved’ by controlling who reproduced. Nazi eugenics used false claims about heredity to justify coercion and persecution.

The belief that a population can be improved by controlling who reproduces. The artilleryman’s proposed selection of strong men and women echoes such ideas.

One of the three domains; it contains organisms whose cells have genetic material enclosed within a nucleus.

An organism whose cells contain a nucleus and other membrane-bound structures.

An organism whose cells contain a nucleus.