OCR GCSE History A key terms

The use of government power to restrict or suppress opposition, for example through arrests or limits on political meetings.

A system of government without a monarch; in this period, attempts to govern through Parliament and the army rather than a king.

The compulsory provision or taking of supplies and resources for military use, such as food and horses.

An immigrant who lived and worked in England rather than merely visiting it.

The return of monarchy under Charles II in 1660 after the Commonwealth and Protectorate.

A person attached to a noble’s service who could provide support, including military service, in return for rewards and protection.

A label Mao used for people he believed were changing communist principles and weakening the revolution, particularly by permitting capitalist practices.

An interpretation challenging the orthodox view, placing greater responsibility on American policies and ambitions, particularly the expansion of US economic influence.

An interpretation which challenges an established view; in the appeasement debate, usually a more sympathetic assessment of Chamberlain’s choices and the constraints he faced.

A political label used during Mao's Anti-Rightist campaign for people accused of opposing socialism or Communist Party leadership.

The legal right to live in the UK and enter it without immigration restrictions.

The trial of Nelson Mandela and other resistance leaders in 1963–64, which resulted in life sentences for eight defendants in June 1964.

A symbolic female war worker used to encourage American women to take industrial jobs during the Second World War.

A parliamentary borough with very few voters which nevertheless continued to elect MPs.

A company chartered in 1672 with a monopoly over English trade with Africa, including the trafficking of enslaved Africans across the Atlantic.

The monarch’s formal approval of legislation, normally required for a bill to become an Act of Parliament.

People particularly trusted and rewarded by a monarch, whose influence could cause resentment among other nobles.

Official orders directing clergy to carry out particular religious policies.

Supporters of Charles I, although support for the king did not necessarily mean approval of all his policies.

Power exercised by a monarch, including the ability to command obedience and control powerful subjects.

A royal power that the monarch could exercise without obtaining Parliament’s approval.

An official command issued by the monarch without requiring an Act of Parliament.

A journey made by a monarch around the country, staying at different residences and the homes of important subjects.

The authority of the English monarch over the Church of England, replacing the authority of the Pope.

The belief that individuals should achieve success through their own efforts rather than depend on government assistance.

The principle that rulers, as well as those they govern, are subject to law.

The members of the Long Parliament left after soldiers excluded MPs in Pride’s Purge in December 1648. Cromwell expelled it in 1653, but it was recalled in 1659.