AQA GCSE Mathematics key terms

A relationship of the form $y=kx$, where the ratio $\frac{y}{x}$ is constant and the graph passes through the origin.

Numerical data that can take only particular, separate values, often produced by counting.

The quantity $b^2-4ac$ in the quadratic formula; its sign determines how many real roots a quadratic equation has.

The rule that multiplying a sum or difference means multiplying every term within it: $a(b+c)=ab+ac$.

The number being divided in a division calculation.

The number by which the dividend is divided. A divisor cannot be zero.

A line segment forming a boundary of a solid, often where two faces meet.

A two-dimensional view of a three-dimensional object seen directly from one side, such as the front or right.

An algebraic method in which equations are added or subtracted so that one variable disappears.

Calculator notation such as 6.2E8, meaning $6.2 \times 10^8$. Some calculators use EXP or display a small $\times 10^n$ instead.

Outcomes are equally likely if each has the same probability of occurring.

Outcomes that each have the same probability of occurring.

A mathematical statement saying that two expressions have the same value, shown using an equals sign.

A triangle with three equal sides and three angles of 60°.

Expressions that have the same value for every permissible value of their variables.

A fraction with the same value as another fraction, formed by multiplying or dividing its numerator and denominator by the same non-zero number.

A ratio that expresses the same comparison as another because every part has been multiplied or divided by the same non-zero number.

Ratios that have the same value because each part of one ratio has been multiplied or divided by the same non-zero number.

The range containing every possible original value that could have produced a stated rounded value.

A value inferred from sample data and used as an approximate value for the population.

A judgement about whether a result is reasonable and appropriate, based on its size, sign, units and context.

A collection of outcomes satisfying a stated condition, such as obtaining a total of 7.

A trigonometric ratio written without rounding, usually as an integer, fraction or surd.

A value given without rounding or discarding digits, such as 5π rather than an approximate decimal.

A value that a variable cannot take because it would make an original denominator zero or make another operation undefined.

A possibility space containing every possible outcome and omitting none.

To multiply out brackets using the distributive law and then collect like terms.