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Browse key terms and definitions across all GCSE subjects. Search by keyword or filter by subject and exam board.
23,110 key terms
Vertical integration
Ownership or control of businesses operating at different stages of the same industry, such as film production and distribution.
Vertical integration
An arrangement in which a film company controls production, distribution and exhibition: making films, supplying them to cinemas and showing them.
Vertical line chart
A chart for ungrouped discrete numerical data in which a separate vertical line is drawn above each possible value, with its height representing the frequency.
Vertical line chart
A graph using separate vertical lines to show the frequencies of discrete numerical outcomes.
Vertically opposite angles
Angles formed opposite each other when two straight lines cross; each opposite pair is equal.
Vestal
A priestess of the Roman goddess Vesta. In Livy’s account, Amulius makes Rhea Silvia a Vestal to prevent her from having children.
Vestal Virgin
A female priest serving the Roman goddess Vesta, responsible especially for maintaining her sacred fire.
Vestal Virgins
Priestesses of Vesta whom Numa supported with public funds and bound by a vow of chastity.
Vestal Virgins
Priestesses of Vesta who maintained Rome’s sacred fire, cared for sacred objects and prepared mola salsa.
Vested interest
A personal or organisational interest in an outcome because it could bring a benefit or prevent a loss.
Vestibule
An entrance room between a building’s porch and its main interior room.
Vestment
Special clothing worn by clergy during church services.
Vestments
Special clothing worn by clergy when conducting religious services.
Veteran
A person who has served in the armed forces, especially during a war.
Veteran
An older resident of the Cottages who has already experienced the transition away from their childhood institution.
Veterans
Long-serving soldiers with experience of military campaigns.
Veteran tree
An old tree with features such as cavities and decaying wood that provide valuable wildlife habitats.
Veto
The power of a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council to block a substantive resolution.
Veto
The ability of a permanent member of the UN Security Council to block a substantive resolution, even when other members support it.
Vetting
Checks on an applicant’s background, references and suitability before a party approves them as a potential candidate.
Vexin
A disputed region between Normandy and the French king’s territories, important in the struggle between Richard I and Philip II.
Viability
Whether a process is practical and worthwhile when its resources, costs, demand and environmental effects are considered.
Viability
The ability of a process to work successfully in practice, producing a suitable product at an acceptable cost.
Viability
The ability of a foetus to survive outside the womb, potentially with medical assistance.
Viable
Able to work successfully in practice at an acceptable economic and environmental cost.
Viable
Workable in practice: technically possible, affordable and able to produce something useful.
Viaticum
Holy Communion received by a person approaching death; its name means ‘food for the journey’.
Vibration
The back-and-forth movement of an object or part of a material about its resting position.
Vibration
Repeated movement backwards and forwards about a rest position.
Vicar
An Anglican parish priest.
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