Vertical integration

Ownership or control of different stages of making and delivering a media product, such as production and distribution.

Ownership of businesses operating at different stages of the same industry, such as production and distribution.

Vertical integration involves different stages of the same industry. A company might own production businesses and an outlet for their products. Disney's acquisition of the ABC television group gave its film and programme-makers access to a television outlet.

Ownership or control of different stages of a product’s production and distribution, such as publishing, printing and distribution.

Keep horizontal integration, vertical integration and diversification distinct: same stage, different stages, and a broader range of business activities.

Distinguish horizontal integration, ownership at the same production stage, from vertical integration, ownership across different production stages. Publishing in print and online does not by itself prove vertical integration.

Distinguish horizontal integration (owning several newspaper titles) from vertical integration (controlling different stages, such as publishing and printing).

Control of different stages of producing and delivering a product, such as newspaper publishing and printing.

Ownership or control of businesses operating at different stages of the same industry, such as film production and distribution.

Ownership of all or most stages in a media product's production and distribution chain by the same organisation.

Vertical integration concerns stages in a chain, not simply a range of products. A vertically integrated organisation owns all or most of the stages needed to produce and distribute a product. Rather than relying entirely on outside companies, it can coordinate those stages within the same group.

Ownership or control of successive stages of production and distribution within the same company or corporate group.

Ownership or control of different stages of the same industry’s supply chain, such as film production, distribution and exhibition.

Ownership or control of different stages of a media product’s production, distribution and exhibition within the same organisation or corporate group.

Ownership or control of different stages of the production and distribution process by the same organisation.

Definition

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AQA GCSE Media Studies · 8572

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Eduqas GCSE Media Studies · C680