Key terms & definitions

A government without a parliamentary majority that depended primarily on the President’s support.

A description of government in which leadership and decision-making are increasingly concentrated around the Prime Minister rather than the Cabinet collectively.

People already likely to watch a new product because they recognise and value its creator, stars or established brand.

Newspapers and magazines that communicate news, reports and other content, in print or online.

A group sent to obtain recruits by force for military service, especially naval service.

Applying controlled heat and pressure, sometimes with steam, to flatten seams or establish folds during textile construction.

A process in which a heated polymer sheet is placed over a mould and pressed onto it to take its shape.

The setting and enforcement of standards for newspapers and other press publications, including handling complaints about their reporting.

A statement sent to journalists to announce news or present an organisation’s position, with the aim of gaining coverage.

The force exerted per unit area; increasing the pressure of reacting gases packs them into a smaller volume.

The normal force acting per unit area of a surface.

Force exerted per unit area. Gas pressure results from molecules colliding with a surface.

Force acting per unit area.

A broad zone of relatively high or low atmospheric pressure extending around the Earth.

The change in pressure between two positions, measured in pascals (Pa).

The change in atmospheric pressure over a distance. A greater pressure change over the same distance produces a stronger force driving the wind.

An organised group seeking to influence government policy or public opinion on particular issues, rather than form a government itself.

An organisation that seeks to influence businesses or government to support a particular cause.

A group that seeks to influence government policy or public opinion on an issue.

An organisation that seeks to influence decisions or public opinion without seeking election to government itself.

Repeated changes in pressure that travel through a medium as a sound wave.

A relationship for a fixed mass of gas at constant temperature in which pressure multiplied by volume remains constant: $P_1V_1=P_2V_2$.

Respect and admiration associated with power, wealth or achievement.

A beam in which internal stresses are deliberately introduced before its working load is applied, to counteract stresses caused by that load.

Arrogant behaviour that assumes a right to do something without sufficient consideration for others.

The principle that an accused person must be treated as innocent unless their guilt is proved according to law.

A small-scale trial of an experiment used to identify problems with its design or procedure before the full experiment.

A publicly offered justification for an action, which may not reveal all the motives behind it.

Using an invented situation or identity to persuade someone to reveal information or take an action. Also called blagging.

The direction from which the wind most commonly blows in a place.