Key terms & definitions

A microphone in which sound makes a coil move relative to a magnetic field, inducing an electrical signal.

A pivot that joins moving parts and changes position as the linkage operates.

A Member of Parliament: an elected representative who holds a seat in the House of Commons.

Magnetic resonance imaging: a scanning technique using a strong magnetic field to help produce detailed images inside the body.

Magnetic resonance imaging: a technique that produces detailed images of structures inside the body, including the brain.

A technique that uses magnetic fields to produce detailed images of the brain.

Messenger RNA: a single-stranded RNA molecule that carries a copy of a gene’s instructions to a ribosome.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, a strain of bacterium resistant to antibiotics, including methicillin.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: a strain of bacteria resistant to several antibiotics and therefore difficult to treat.

An action that is morally neutral under Islamic law, leaving a person free to choose.

A worker who swept streets and removed rubbish and waste.

A sticky substance that traps pathogens and other particles in the airways.

A sticky substance that traps particles and pathogens in the nose and airways.

A symbolic hand gesture associated with a Buddha or bodhisattva, expressing a teaching or spiritual quality.

The ruling family established in India by Babur in 1526, whose emperors gradually expanded Mughal power.

A small, finely detailed painting associated with the Mughal court, often made on paper for an illustrated manuscript or an album.

The Muslim ruling dynasty that established an empire in India in 1526 and expanded it under emperors including Akbar.

The twelfth Imam in Twelver Shi’a Islam, believed to remain alive but hidden and destined to return to establish justice.

Officials appointed to supervise public morals and enforce rules on conduct, including restrictions on public drinking and gambling.

Muslim guerrilla fighters who resisted Afghanistan’s communist government and Soviet forces during the Afghan War.

Spiritual liberation from the cycle of birth and rebirth, understood in Sikhism as union with God.

An organism made of many cells.

Describes a society in which people from different cultural backgrounds live.

A community in which people with different cultural backgrounds live alongside one another.

A community containing people from different cultural backgrounds, including different ethnicities, languages and religions.

The view that different cultural groups' cultures and identities should be respected and maintained.

A society in which people with different cultural backgrounds, traditions and identities live alongside one another.

A society in which people from different cultural backgrounds live together.

Deprivation across several aspects of life, such as education, health, housing and access to basic services, rather than low income alone.

A society whose members come from different ethnic backgrounds. Ethnicity can involve shared ancestry, culture, language and traditions.