Key terms & definitions

A timber joint in which half the thickness is removed from each mating piece so that they overlap with their faces flush.

A flaw or error that contributes to a tragic character's downfall. Romeo's haste and impulsiveness can be interpreted as his hamartia.

A description of Edward I emphasising his military campaigns and harsh treatment of Scottish opponents; it does not mean that he achieved lasting conquest.

The group of muscles at the back of the thigh that bends the leg at the knee.

A muscle group at the back of the thigh that bends the knee and helps move the thigh backwards at the hip.

The Japanese ‘Flower Festival’, celebrating the Buddha’s birth.

Embroidery in which a person forms decorative stitches using a hand-held needle and thread.

A measuring instrument that records the force exerted when its handle is squeezed.

Filming with a camera supported by its operator rather than a fixed mount, often producing small, irregular movements that can suggest immediacy.

Filming with the camera held by the operator rather than fixed to a support such as a tripod; the image may show the operator’s movements.

A shot filmed with the camera held by an operator, which may show visible shake.

The way a textile feels when touched or handled, such as soft, stiff, smooth or rough.

A loom operated by a person rather than powered machinery, used to weave thread into cloth.

A worker who makes cloth on a manually operated loom, often in a home or small workshop.

A manually powered tool controlled directly by the user, such as a saw, file, scissors or needle.

A tributary valley whose floor lies above the floor of the main glacial trough.

A person devoted to worshipping the one God rather than idols; Ibrahim is described as a hanif.

The royal dynasty whose rule in Britain began when George I succeeded Queen Anne in 1714.

The inheritance of the throne by the Protestant House of Hanover, beginning with George I in 1714.

The monkey deity whose devotion, strength and selfless service help Rama rescue Sita in the Ramayana.

Having a single set of chromosomes: half the number found in a body cell of the same species.

Describes a cell or nucleus containing a single set of chromosomes.

A nucleus containing one set of chromosomes: half the normal number found in body cells.

Feedback communicated through touch, such as a device vibrating to alert its user.

Forbidden under Islamic teaching.

An Arabic expression for ‘holy war’, used in this topic. It is not the Qur’an’s term for jihad, and many Muslims reject it as a description of Islamic warfare.

A magnetic secondary storage device that stores data on spinning disks.

Flood management involving built structures or substantial alterations to a river channel.

A treatment that increases a metal's resistance to indentation and wear.

Construction workers, named after their protective helmets, who demonstrated support for the government and the Vietnam War.