Eduqas GCSE Geography A key terms

A fieldwork approach that compares evidence from different dates or times to identify what has changed and by how much.

Work that children are too young to do, or that harms their health, development or ability to learn, play and rest.

A map that shades defined areas according to a key to show the values or value ranges of a geographical variable.

A small volcano built from fragments of scoria erupted around a volcanic vent.

A large-scale circulation loop in which air moves between Earth's surface and the upper atmosphere.

A brief acknowledgement placed beside information used from a source, linked to its full reference.

A city and the surrounding area linked to it through flows such as migration, commuting and access to services.

A range used to group numerical observations, such as depths from 0 cm up to, but not including, 10 cm.

A service allowing customers to order goods online and collect them from a physical shop or collection point.

The average weather conditions of a place over a long period, usually assessed over at least 30 years.

A long-term change in average weather conditions and their patterns, including temperature, rainfall and the occurrence of extremes.

Adjustment to actual or expected climate change to reduce its harmful effects.

Action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions or increase their removal, limiting future climate change.

A modelled estimate of possible future climate conditions, based on assumptions such as future greenhouse gas emissions.

A preserved indicator, such as tree-ring width or the isotope composition of ice, used to reconstruct past climatic conditions indirectly.

An instrument used to measure the angle of a slope.

A town whose shopping area is dominated by chain stores and therefore resembles shopping areas in other towns.

A question that asks respondents to select from a set of possible answers.

The amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, commonly expressed in parts per million.

The wearing away and removal of material from the coastline by processes such as wave action.

The covering of normally dry coastal land by seawater.

The movement of a coastline further inland as erosion removes coastal material.

Loss of intertidal habitat when rising sea level pushes its seaward edge inland but a fixed defence prevents it moving inland on the landward side.

Burning a fuel or vegetation, releasing its stored carbon mainly as carbon dioxide.

A regular journey between a person's home and workplace.

A settlement in which many residents travel elsewhere to work.

A repeated journey between a person's home and workplace.