Edexcel GCSE Mathematics key terms

A point where a graph changes from rising to falling or from falling to rising.

A table that classifies the same results in two ways, with row and column totals.

A sample selected or produced without systematically favouring particular outcomes or members of the population.

Numerical data shown as individual values rather than combined into class intervals.

The set of elements that belong to $A$, to $B$, or to both sets.

The theorem that every integer greater than 1 has exactly one prime factorisation, apart from the order of the factors.

The agreed quantity used to state a measurement, such as a metre or a second.

A method that finds the amount corresponding to one unit before scaling to the required number of units.

A circle of radius 1 centred at the origin, used to connect angles with sine and cosine values.

The cost for one unit of an item or quantity, such as pounds per kilogram.

Univariate data records one variable for each individual or item, such as height only.

The set containing every element being considered in a particular problem.

A letter representing a value that is not yet known.

The boundary above all possible values of a rounded quantity; for ordinary rounding it is excluded from the error interval.

A value found using limits of accuracy so that no possible result lies above it.

A letter or symbol used to represent a quantity that can vary or is not yet known.

A directed movement with both length and direction, often written as an arrow between two points.

A diagram that represents sets as regions, usually with overlapping circles inside a rectangle for the universal set.

A corner point of a 3D shape where edges meet. The plural is vertices.

A diagram for ungrouped discrete numerical data in which a thin vertical line above each possible value shows its frequency.

The pair of angles facing each other where two straight lines cross; they are equal.

The amount of three-dimensional space occupied by a solid, measured in cubic units.

The multiplier relating the volumes of similar solids; it is the cube of the linear scale factor.

The quantity treated as the complete amount and represented by 100%.

A selection in which the chosen item is not returned, so later probabilities can change.

The horizontal number line on a coordinate grid.

The point where a graph meets the $x$-axis, so its $y$-coordinate is zero.