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GCSE Mathematics · key term
The boundary above all possible values of a rounded quantity; for ordinary rounding it is excluded from the error interval.
Used by AQA, Edexcel and OCR
Specification N16 · Paper 1, Paper 2, Paper 3
The boundary at the top of the range of possible original values; for ordinary rounding, this boundary is excluded from the error interval.
Revise: Limits of AccuracyThe second is an upper boundary: the original dimensions cannot both equal their excluded upper bounds.
Specification N16 · Paper 1, Paper 2, Paper 3
Revise: Limits of AccuracySubtract that half-unit from the rounded value for the lower bound and add it for the upper bound.
Specification 4.01c · Paper 1 (Foundation), Paper 2 (Foundation), Paper 3 (Foundation), Paper 4 (Higher), Paper 5 (Higher), Paper 6 (Higher)
The largest boundary of the possible values of a quantity; it is often a limiting value rather than one the quantity can equal.
Revise: Error Intervals and BoundsDo not simply insert all lower bounds or all upper bounds: ask how each input affects the result.
An upper bound is a boundary, not necessarily a value that the original measurement can equal.
For a quotient of positive quantities, the upper bound uses the upper-bound numerator and lower-bound denominator; the lower bound uses the lower-bound numerator and upper-bound denominator.
For a rounded continuous quantity, include the lower bound but exclude the upper bound: use on the left and on the right.
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