Edexcel GCSE Chemistry key terms

Electrons that are not attached to one particular atom and can move through a metal’s structure.

The level of desire or need for a product.

A change in an enzyme's shape caused by excessive heat, so its active site can no longer catalyse the reaction effectively.

Mass per unit volume of a substance.

The variable measured in response to the change in the independent variable.

A direct change from gas to solid without becoming liquid.

A visual clue, such as overlap, relative position or angled bonds, that helps a flat image represent depth.

The product that a chemical process is intended to make.

An organic compound containing two bromine atoms and only single bonds between its carbon atoms.

A carboxylic acid molecule containing two carboxylic acid groups, $\mathrm{-COOH}$.

Describes a solution containing a relatively small amount of dissolved substance for its volume.

A solution containing a relatively small amount of dissolved acid per unit volume.

An alcohol molecule containing two alcohol groups, $\mathrm{-OH}$.

An electric current that flows in one direction.

A relationship in which multiplying one quantity by a factor multiplies the other by the same factor.

The conversion of an ion into a neutral atom or molecule by gaining or losing electrons at an electrode.

A reaction in which a more reactive element replaces a less reactive element in one of its compounds.

A reaction in which a more reactive element replaces a less reactive element in a compound.

A flat representation showing every atom in a molecule and the covalent bonds between them.

The separation of an acid into ions when it dissolves in water.

To mix with a liquid so that the substance's particles become dispersed throughout the liquid.

The liquid collected after vapour has cooled and condensed during distillation.

Separating a liquid from a mixture by evaporating it and then cooling its vapour to form liquid again.

A representation in which dots and crosses distinguish electrons that originated from different atoms.

A covalent bond containing two shared pairs of electrons.

A bond in which two pairs of electrons are shared between two atoms.

A state in a reversible reaction in which the forward and reverse reactions continue at equal rates, so the amounts of reactants and products remain constant.