Mathematics key terms

A diagram that represents frequencies using repeated pictures or symbols whose values are given by a key.

A circular chart divided into sectors to show categories as proportions of a whole.

A zero used to keep other digits in their correct place-value columns, as in $305$ or $0.04$.

The value a digit has because of its position within a number.

A two-dimensional view of a three-dimensional object seen directly from above.

A flat two-dimensional surface that extends without end in every direction within it.

A flat, two-dimensional shape.

An exact position with no length, width or area, usually labelled with a capital letter such as $A$.

The point of contact is the point where a tangent touches a circle.

A point where a curve changes its direction of curvature, as at the centre of the graph of $y=x^3$.

A point that lies on two graphs; its coordinates satisfy both graph equations.

A closed two-dimensional shape whose boundary consists only of straight line segments.

A 3D shape bounded entirely by flat polygonal faces.

An expression made from constants and non-negative integer powers of a variable, combined using addition, subtraction and multiplication.

The complete group about which information is required.

A feature of the whole population, such as its true proportion, mean or distribution.

The place a term occupies in a sequence, counted from 1; usually represented by $n$.

A rule that gives a term directly from its position number, usually represented by $n$.

A vector from a fixed origin to a point, describing the point's position relative to that origin.

A relationship in which y generally increases as x increases.

A number greater than zero, written with or without a $+$ sign.

The complete set of all possible outcomes of an experiment.

An expression such as $a^n$, consisting of a base and an index.

A compact notation for repeated multiplication; in $5^3$, the index 3 means that three factors of 5 are multiplied.

A shortened way to show repeated multiplication; for example, $2^4$ means $2\times2\times2\times2$.

A number formed by multiplying 10 by itself a whole number of times, such as $10$, $100$ or $1000$.

The force acting per unit area.

Data collected directly by the person carrying out the investigation, such as measurements they take or answers to their own questionnaire.

A factor of a number that is also a prime number.

Writing a whole number greater than 1 as a product containing only prime numbers.