Mathematics key terms

Outcomes that belong to both of two events.

The smooth curved graph of a quadratic function.

Lines in the same plane that remain the same distance apart and do not meet.

Lines in the same plane that remain the same distance apart and never meet; distinct non-vertical parallel lines have equal gradients.

A quadrilateral with two pairs of opposite sides parallel.

Lines that remain the same distance apart and never meet, usually indicated by matching arrow marks.

The quantity being compared with the whole.

A ratio comparing one share with another share; neither number represents the total.

A ratio comparing one part of a quantity with another part.

A comparison between one selected part and the complete amount.

A ratio comparing one share with the entire quantity; the other share is the total minus that share.

A metric unit of pressure equal to one newton per square metre.

A route through a tree diagram from start to finish, representing one complete sequence of outcomes.

A Latin expression meaning “for each year”; it indicates an annual rate.

A rate for each year; the phrase means “per year”.

A number of parts per hundred; for example, 17% means 17 out of every 100.

The difference between the new and original values, expressed as a percentage of the original value.

A decimal factor used to multiply a quantity, such as 1.12 for a 12% increase or 0.88 for a 12% decrease.

A whole number made by cubing an integer, such as $125=5^3$. Perfect cubes help when estimating cube roots.

An integer that can be written as $a^n$, where $a$ is an integer and $n$ is an integer greater than $1$; for example, .

An expression such as $(x+p)^2$ obtained by multiplying the same linear expression by itself.

The distance around the outside boundary of a two-dimensional shape.

The horizontal length of one complete repeating cycle of a graph.

Perpendicular lines meet at a right angle. Where both gradients are defined and non-zero, their gradients multiply to $-1$.

A line that passes through the midpoint of a segment at a right angle to it.

The shortest distance from a point to a line, measured along a line that meets it at 90°.

The shortest distance from a chosen base to the opposite side or vertex, measured at a right angle to the base.

A straight line that meets another line at a right angle of 90°.

Lines that intersect at an angle of exactly $90^\circ$.

The constant ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter, written $\pi$.