Mathematics key terms

A symbol, usually a letter, that represents a number which may vary or be unknown.

Value added tax: a tax included in the price of many goods and services.

A quantity that has both a magnitude and a direction; geometrically, it represents a directed movement.

A graph showing how an object's velocity changes over time.

A diagram that shows relationships between sets using regions, usually circles within a rectangle.

A corner at which edges or sides meet; the plural is vertices.

A vertical line that a curve approaches increasingly closely; for a tangent graph, the function is undefined on this line.

A chart that uses separate vertical lines to show the frequencies of ungrouped discrete numerical values.

Angles formed opposite each other when two straight lines cross; each opposite pair is equal.

The amount of three-dimensional space occupied by an object, measured in cubic units such as cubic centimetres or cubic metres.

The multiplier that changes corresponding volumes or capacities from one similar solid to another.

A correlation in which the points are more spread out around the overall trend.

The quantity treated as the complete amount and represented by 100%.

Choosing an item without returning it before the next choice, so fewer options remain.

The horizontal number line in a Cartesian coordinate system.

The point where a graph crosses or meets the $x$-axis; its $y$-coordinate is zero.

The vertical number line in a Cartesian coordinate system.

The point where a graph crosses or meets the $y$-axis; its $x$-coordinate is zero.

A positive and a negative quantity of equal magnitude that combine to make zero, such as $6+(-6)$.

The rule that if a product is zero, at least one of its factors must be zero.

The rule that if a product is zero, at least one of its factors must be zero: if $AB=0$, then $A=0$ or $B=0$.