Combined Science key terms

A connection in which branches are connected between the same two points in a circuit.

An organism that lives in or on a host and obtains resources from it, harming the host.

A relationship between species in which a parasite benefits by obtaining resources from a host, which is harmed.

The nucleus that undergoes radioactive decay.

A membrane that allows some substances, such as water, to pass through but prevents other substances from passing through.

Energy that particles have because of their motion, including vibration.

A representation of matter as small particles, such as atoms or molecules, used to explain its properties through their arrangement and movement.

Energy associated with the positions of particles relative to one another and the forces between them.

Tiny particles suspended in air, including solid carbon particles from fuel combustion.

Tiny solid particles or liquid droplets suspended in the air, which may include soot and unburned hydrocarbons.

A process that does not require energy to be supplied by the cell.

A microorganism that causes disease.

Partly decomposed plant material that builds up over very long periods under waterlogged conditions.

A waterlogged, acidic habitat in which partly decomposed plant material accumulates as peat.

The examination of scientific research by other scientists with relevant expertise, who check its methods, evidence and conclusions.

The ability of radiation to pass through a material.

The percentage of an element’s atoms that are a particular isotope.

The percentage of a compound’s total mass contributed by a particular element.

The change in mass expressed as a percentage of the initial mass: $\frac{\text{final mass}-\text{initial mass}}{\text{initial mass}}\times100$.

A value below which a stated percentage of a reference population falls. For example, the 25th percentile for mass is the mass below which approximately 25% of the comparison group falls.

Contraceptive effectiveness when a method is used correctly and consistently.

A horizontal row of the periodic table. Its number tells you how many electron shells are occupied in an atom.

A table displaying the chemical elements in an organised arrangement.

A magnet that produces its own magnetic field and retains its magnetism without needing to be placed in another magnetic field.

A fluid-filled compartment in a plant cell that contains cell sap and helps support the cell.

The industry that processes substances obtained from crude oil to manufacture useful chemicals and materials.

A numerical measure of how acidic or alkaline a solution is.