Key terms & definitions

The belief that public life, including paid work and politics, is primarily men’s domain, while the private world of home and family is primarily women’s domain.

A prison system that kept prisoners isolated from one another to prevent harmful influence and encourage reflection and reform.

Independent merchants who participated in African trade outside the Royal African Company; the 1698 legislation allowed them to trade legally subject to a duty.

Living apart from a spouse without ending the marriage bond.

The division of state responsibilities between the executive, legislature and judiciary so that power is not concentrated in one branch.

The belief that believers should leave the established Church and form independent congregations rather than try to reform it from within.

A Protestant who wanted to leave the established Church of England and form an independent congregation.

Protestants who believed the Church of England could not be sufficiently reformed and wanted independent congregations outside it.

Jewish people whose family and cultural heritage is associated with Spain and Portugal.

An Indian soldier serving in an army organised by a European power, including the East India Company.

A form of plague in which the infection affects the blood; it was usually rapidly fatal without effective treatment.

The ancient Greek translation of Jewish scriptures, associated with a wider collection of books than the Hebrew Jewish canon and influential in early Christianity and Orthodox churches.

The muscular wall separating the right and left sides of the heart, preventing their blood from mixing.

The muscular wall separating the right and left sides of the heart, preventing their blood from mixing.

The muscular wall separating the right and left sides of the heart, preventing their blood from mixing.

The order in which bases or amino acids occur in a molecule.

An ordered list of numbers or other objects whose terms follow a rule.

Executing statements in order, one after another.

A connected series of shots forming a meaningful section of a film, such as an encounter or a performance.

Information identifying the original position of transmitted data so that it can be reassembled in the correct order.

The linked stages of an investigation, from identifying a question and planning evidence collection to interpreting findings and reviewing the investigation.

Two or more transformations applied one after another in a specified order.

Executing instructions one after another in their written order.

Arranging research questions in a logical order so that earlier findings help inform later questions.

Access in which data is encountered in order, so earlier sections may need to be passed before the required data can be reached.

A pattern in which each successive character within a group has a code one greater than the previous character.

A harem: women associated with a powerful male ruler’s household. Jane rejects Rochester’s comparison because she refuses to be treated as a possession.

An unfree peasant tied to a lord’s land and required to provide labour or other dues.

The condition of peasants who were not fully free, were tied to a lord’s land and owed duties such as labour service.

A story released in successive episodes, often using an unresolved ending to encourage audiences to return.