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GCSE History · key term
The belief that believers should leave the established Church and form independent congregations rather than try to reform it from within.
Used by AQA and Edexcel
Paper 2
Revise: Religious MattersThe Act therefore applied pressure to conform through imprisonment and exile, backed by potentially lethal penalties. It was not a blanket law executing everyone with Puritan beliefs. Its severity shows that Elizabeth continued to defend a single established Church against separatism as well as Catholic opposition.
Paper 3
The belief that racial groups should live or organise separately. Black separatists argued that independence from white society would protect African Americans from racism.
Revise: Malcolm X and Black PowerThe Nation of Islam promoted black separatism: African Americans should build an independent community rather than seek integration into white society. It stressed discipline, self-reliance and pride in black identity. Its teachings portrayed white people as inherently hostile to African Americans.
Date Malcolm X’s beliefs: his position after leaving the Nation of Islam in 1964 was not identical to his earlier separatism.
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