Key terms & definitions

The second coming of Jesus Christ at the end of time.

The killing of a parent. Plutarch uses this accusation when considering Theseus’ responsibility for Aegeus’ death.

The quantity being compared with the whole.

The development of a fruit without fertilisation, producing a seedless fruit.

A sacred building dedicated to Athena Parthenos on the Athenian Acropolis, begun in 447 BC.

A powerful kingdom east of Rome’s territories in Syria which Antony intended to invade.

Bias or favouritism towards one person or group rather than judging fairly.

Bias in favour of a particular group, individual or argument rather than an impartial treatment.

Describes a membrane that allows some substances to pass through but not others.

A membrane that allows some substances to pass through but prevents others from doing so.

A membrane that allows some substances to pass through but prevents others from passing through.

A mesh network in which some, but not all, devices connect directly to every other device.

A person who takes part in a research study.

A research method in which the researcher joins in a group’s activities while observing its behaviour.

An observation in which the researcher watches people while taking part in their activities.

A characteristic that differs between participants, such as memory ability, and could affect an experiment's results.

Taking part in physical activity or sport, rather than simply watching it.

The proportion of a defined population taking part in an activity, often expressed as a percentage.

Media through which users contribute, share or discuss content rather than only receive it.

An atom, molecule or ion represented as one unit in a particle model; its meaning depends on the substance being modelled.

A small unit used in the particle model to represent matter, such as an atom or molecule.

Energy that particles have because of their motion, including vibration.

A model that explains matter as particles and chemical reactions as rearrangements of atoms.

A simplified scientific representation in which matter is treated as particles, such as atoms or molecules.

A representation of matter in which particles are drawn as small solid spheres, showing their arrangement and movement.

Energy associated with the positions of particles relative to one another and the forces between them.

The speed and direction in which a particle is moving. Gas particles have continually changing velocities because their motion is random and collisions alter their directions.

Standards that depend on a person's particular relationships or circumstances, rather than applying equally to everyone.

Standards specific to a family or relationship, through which children are judged by their own parents rather than by rules applied equally to everyone.

The individual judgement received immediately after death.