Key terms & definitions

Strong emotion or desire, which can include anger, romantic love, suffering or intense religious devotion.

The suffering and death of Jesus, especially the events leading to his crucifixion.

A religious play depicting Jesus’ suffering and death, often also including his resurrection.

An announcement by Jesus of his coming suffering, death and resurrection.

An audience assumed to receive and accept media messages with little critical interpretation or resistance.

A term sometimes used for withholding or withdrawing life-sustaining treatment so that a person dies. Withdrawal of futile treatment is not necessarily regarded as euthanasia.

A process that does not require energy to be supplied by the cell.

Non-violent resistance to authority, such as refusing to work or cooperate.

Opposition to injustice through non-violent action, such as peaceful protest or refusal to cooperate.

Breathing in other people’s tobacco smoke, which can harm the health of non-smokers as well as smokers.

A transport process that does not require energy from respiration.

A grammatical construction in which the subject receives the action, rather than performs it: for example, ‘The miners were being turned up.’

Laws requiring Black Africans to carry documents proving their identity and permission to be in particular areas, restricting their movement and residence.

A Jewish festival remembering God’s liberation of the Israelites from slavery in Egypt.

A secret sequence of characters used to authenticate a user before granting access to an account or system.

A device that passes pasta dough between rollers to produce sheets of controlled, even thickness.

Heating a liquid to destroy harmful micro-organisms.

Heat treatment of food or drink, such as milk, to kill harmful microorganisms.

A controlled heat treatment that kills harmful bacteria in food while limiting changes to its sensory qualities.

A Christian leader whose role involves caring for a congregation, commonly used as a title in Protestant churches.

Writing that presents rural life or countryside, often emphasising its beauty or peace.

Care and guidance that respond to people's practical, emotional and spiritual needs.

Farming that keeps grazing livestock, such as sheep and cattle.

A person whose livelihood depends on keeping grazing livestock.

A software change released to fix a problem, such as a security vulnerability.

Joining smaller fabric pieces edge to edge to make a larger textile surface.

The kneecap, which sits in front of the knee joint.

A plate used to hold the bread which is consecrated as Christ’s body during the Eucharist.

An official royal grant; in Restoration theatre, it authorised a company to stage plays.

A legal right that allows an inventor to control the use of an invention for a limited period, potentially requiring others to pay to use it.