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Browse key terms and definitions across all GCSE subjects. Search by keyword or filter by subject and exam board.
23,110 key terms
Inequality
An unequal distribution of resources, opportunities or power between people or groups.
Inequality
An unequal distribution of opportunities, resources or treatment between people or groups.
Inequality
Differences in people’s opportunities or access to resources such as income, education, housing and healthcare.
Inequality notation
Symbols used to compare values: means less than, while means less than or equal to.
Inerrancy
Freedom from error; in Twelver Shi’a belief, the Imams are protected from sin and error, making their religious guidance infallible.
Inert
Chemically unreactive under the conditions used. An inert electrode conducts electricity without taking part in the intended reaction.
Inert electrode
An electrode that conducts electricity without reacting with the electrolyte or products.
Inert electrode
A conductor through which current enters or leaves an electrolyte, without reacting with the electrolyte or products under the conditions used.
Inertia
An object's tendency to remain at rest or continue moving at uniform velocity. This term is Higher Tier only.
Inertia
(HT only) The tendency of an object to remain at rest or continue moving with uniform velocity.
Inertial mass
A measure of how difficult it is to change an object's velocity; it is equal to the ratio of resultant force to acceleration.
Inertial mass
(HT only) A measure of how difficult it is to change an object's velocity, defined as the ratio of resultant force to acceleration: . Its unit is the kilogram (kg).
Inertial mass (HT)
A measure of how difficult it is to change an object's velocity, defined as resultant force divided by the acceleration it produces.
Infallibility
Freedom from error; in Twelver Shi’a belief, the Imams are protected by Allah from sin and error so that they can guide people correctly.
Infallible
Unable to make mistakes. Stalin’s propaganda presented him as infallible, rather than acknowledging that his decisions could be wrong.
Infallible
Free from error; in Shi’a belief, this describes the Imams’ authoritative religious guidance.
Infamia
A Roman condition of dishonour that involved loss of reputation and restrictions on some legal rights; prostitution and procuring could bring this status.
Infamis
A Latin description meaning dishonoured or shameful, associated with the low standing of public performers in Roman society.
Infant baptism
A ceremony in which a baby or young child is welcomed into the Christian community.
Infanticide
The killing of a baby after birth.
Infant mortality
Deaths of babies before their first birthday.
Infant mortality rate
The number of babies who die before their first birthday per 1,000 live births.
Infant mortality rate
The number of deaths of children under one year old per 1,000 live births.
Infantry
Soldiers who fight on foot, including spearmen and missile troops.
Infantry square
A defensive infantry formation facing outwards on all sides, with bayonets helping to keep attacking cavalry away.
Infection
The invasion and reproduction of a pathogen within a host.
Infection
The entry and multiplication of a pathogen in or on a host.
Inference
A conclusion drawn from evidence rather than directly stated by it.
Inference
A conclusion drawn from evidence rather than something directly stated or shown.
Inference
A conclusion drawn from observations rather than something directly observed.
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