Key terms & definitions

A fundamental right or freedom belonging to every person because they are human.

Basic freedoms and protections to which people are entitled, including freedom of expression and protection from persecution.

The basic freedoms and protections to which every person is entitled simply because they are human.

A UK law that gives effect to rights in the European Convention on Human Rights, requires public authorities to respect those rights and enables people to seek protection in UK courts.

The killing of a person as a religious offering to a god.

The ways people experience sexual attraction and express themselves as sexual beings.

A form of exploitation linked to modern slavery, in which people are exploited for profit, for example through forced labour or sexual exploitation.

The constitutional proposal presented by MPs in 1657 which initially offered Cromwell the crown. He rejected kingship but accepted a revised version which retained him as Lord Protector.

The upper-arm bone, extending from the shoulder to the elbow.

The amount of water vapour present in the air.

A measure of how much water vapour is present in the air.

Recognition of one’s limitations and faults, rather than an assumption of superiority.

An attitude of not placing your own importance or status above other people’s needs.

Decomposed organic matter in soil, formed from dead plant and animal material.

A medieval administrative district containing several local communities.

Roosevelt’s first hundred days in office in spring 1933, marked by rapid legislation to tackle the Depression.

The campaign of 1956–57 in which Mao encouraged intellectuals to express criticisms of Communist Party rule.

Records of Edward I’s investigations into local administration, abuses of power and royal lands and rights.

One of one hundred equal parts of a whole; the second place to the right of the decimal point.

A series of wars between England and France from 1337 to 1453, interrupted by periods of peace.

A religious cloth traditionally associated with Lent, often displaying biblical images; modern examples also encourage reflection on poverty, justice and peace.

Refusing food as a form of protest, used by imprisoned suffragettes.

An election result in which no single party has an overall majority of seats in the House of Commons.

A situation in which no single political party holds a majority of seats in the House of Commons.

The wedding canopy representing the Jewish couple’s new home.

A short, concentrated artillery bombardment intended to disrupt enemy defences before an attack.

A media product that combines conventions from two or more genres.

A film category that combines conventions from two or more genres, such as teen film, horror and comedy.

A combination of cultural influences rather than an identity belonging exclusively to one culture.

The combination of features from different genres within a media product.