Key terms & definitions

A long-term change in climate patterns across the world, including average temperatures and rainfall.

An area or resource regarded as requiring shared international management for the benefit of everyone, rather than management solely in one country's interests.

A reduction in the amount of radiation reaching Earth's surface because particulates in the atmosphere block or scatter some of it.

A reduction in the sunlight reaching the Earth's surface because atmospheric particulates reflect sunlight back into space.

A small, wealthy and powerful group whose business interests and influence extend across national borders.

A hectare adjusted to represent world-average biological productivity, allowing ecological footprints and biocapacity to be compared.

A unit of biologically productive area with the average productivity of the world’s productive land and sea in a given year.

A measure combining undernourishment, child wasting, child stunting and under-five mortality. Higher scores indicate more severe hunger.

A sense of connection to people, communities and concerns across the world, beyond one country.

Differences in income, living standards and opportunities between people and places across the world.

The dependence of countries and people on one another through connections such as trade and supply chains.

The increasing connections and interdependence between countries through flows of goods, services, money, people and information.

The increasing integration of countries’ economies through cross-border trade and movements of people, technology and finance.

Increasing connections between countries through activities such as trade, production and communication.

The growing interconnection of countries through trade, communication, technology, migration and culture.

The increasing connection between countries through trade, communication and cultural exchange.

The increasing connections between countries through business, technology, media and cultural exchange.

The organisation of manufacturing across different countries rather than entirely within one country.

A variable that can be accessed throughout a program, rather than only within one subroutine.

An increase in the Earth's average surface temperature.

A long-term increase in the average temperature near Earth’s surface.

The increase in Earth's average surface temperature over a long period.

A long-term increase in the Earth's average surface temperature.

The long-term rise in the Earth’s average temperature, driven by an increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

The long-term rise in Earth's average temperature, increased by greenhouse gases that trap heat in the atmosphere.

A long-term rise in the Earth’s average temperature, increased by greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide.

The long-term rise in the Earth's average temperature; it is one part of climate change.

A knot of capillaries inside Bowman’s capsule where blood is filtered under pressure.

The hymn beginning ‘Glory to God in the highest’, praising God and used near the beginning of Mass.

An idealised representation of Elizabeth I as a glorious queen, associated with the character representing her in Edmund Spenser’s poem The Faerie Queene.