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Browse key terms and definitions across all GCSE subjects. Search by keyword or filter by subject and exam board.
23,110 key terms
Energy conservation
Reducing energy use by avoiding unnecessary consumption and waste.
Energy consumption
The amount of energy used by people, businesses and other activities over a given period.
Energy consumption
The amount of energy used by an activity or system, such as manufacturing a computer or running a server.
Energy consumption per capita
The average energy consumption per person, calculated by dividing total consumption by population.
Energy deficit
A shortfall in energy supply relative to demand. A gap between domestic production and consumption can be filled by imports.
Energy deficit
A state in which energy expenditure is greater than energy intake.
Energy demand
The amount of energy required by people and economic activities, including homes, farming, industry and transport.
Energy demand
The energy required by people, businesses and services, including energy for electricity, transport and heating.
Energy density
The amount of energy stored per unit mass of a fuel.
Energy dissipation
The transfer of energy from electrical cables to the surroundings by heating.
Energy dissipation
The spreading of energy into less useful stores, usually the thermal stores of the surroundings.
Energy diversification
Increasing the range of energy sources used, reducing dependence on a single source or supplier.
Energy efficiency
Providing the same useful service or output with less energy input.
Energy efficiency
The proportion of the energy supplied to a device or process that is transferred usefully rather than wasted.
Energy efficiency
The proportion of a system’s total input energy that is transferred usefully: .
Energy efficiency
Using less energy to provide the same useful function.
Energy-efficient housing
Housing designed to provide warmth and other services using less energy.
Energy expenditure
The energy used by the body, including energy used during physical activity and exercise.
Energy exploitation
Developing and using an energy resource to provide usable energy, such as extracting natural gas or harnessing wind.
Energy gap
The shortfall when a country's energy consumption is greater than the energy it can produce from its own resources, so it must import energy.
Energy infrastructure
The networks and facilities needed to produce and deliver energy, such as roads, pipelines and electricity grids.
Energy insecurity
A situation in which energy supplies are insufficient, unreliable, unaffordable or inaccessible.
Energy intake
The total energy consumed through food and drink.
Energy intensity
The amount of energy used per unit of output or activity, such as energy used per household or per passenger kilometre travelled.
Energy intensity
The amount of energy used per unit of activity or output; a decrease usually indicates improved energy efficiency.
Energy level
A region around the nucleus that electrons with similar energies occupy; also called an electron shell.
Energy level
A particular allowed distance from the nucleus at which electrons are arranged in the Bohr model.
Energy level
One of the particular energies an electron can have in an atom. Higher energy levels are further from the nucleus.
Energy mix
The combination of different energy sources used by a country or region.
Energy mix
The combination of different energy resources used by a country or by the world.
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