Key terms & definitions

How readily a material can be processed and shaped using the available tools, equipment and skills.

Distributing a small amount of extra fabric along an edge so that it fits another edge without visible folds.

The Christian festival celebrating Jesus’ resurrection; the celebrations around it also remember his suffering and death.

A hidden reference or clue in a media product that rewards audiences who recognise or decode it.

The major North Vietnamese attack on South Vietnam launched in late March 1972.

The celebration on the night before Easter Sunday at which Christians celebrate Jesus’ Resurrection.

An English trading company established by royal charter in 1600, whose powers later included governing overseas settlements and raising armed forces to protect its trade.

The Asian trading regions that Europeans hoped to reach for valuable goods; these were Columbus’s intended destination.

A numbered vertical map-grid line. Easting values increase towards the east and are read first in a grid reference.

A treatment that reduces creasing and the need for ironing, commonly by applying and curing a resin.

The UK government model showing the proportions of five main food groups that should make up a healthy, balanced diet overall.

Listening secretly to a conversation, often without the speakers' apparent knowledge.

A severe viral disease that can spread through contact with the body fluids of an infected person.

The agreement made between Hasdrubal the Fair and Rome in 226 BC that Carthaginian forces would not cross north of the River Ebro under arms.

An agreement made between Rome and Hasdrubal the Fair in 226 BC which limited Carthaginian expansion in relation to the River Ebro.

A muscle contraction in which the muscle lengthens while producing tension.

A measure of how far Earth's orbit departs from a circular shape.

The Athenian assembly, open to adult male citizens, which debated and voted on proposals and made major political decisions.

A reflected sound wave that returns to a detector.

An online environment in which people mainly encounter views that reinforce their existing beliefs.

A method that sends out high-frequency sound waves and detects their echoes to locate underwater objects or measure water depth.

A situation in which a population’s ecological footprint exceeds the biocapacity of the area being considered.

A situation in which resources are used faster than nature can replenish them.

Severe damage to an environment, including its vegetation, soil and water systems.

The biologically productive land and sea area needed to supply a person’s or population’s consumption and absorb its carbon dioxide emissions, expressed in global hectares.

The environmental impact associated with a product or activity, including resource use, habitat damage, pollution and carbon emissions.

An area where ecosystems are particularly vulnerable to disturbance or damage.

The extent to which research findings apply to behaviour in everyday settings.

Buying and selling goods or services online.

The buying and selling of goods and services over the internet.