Key terms & definitions

A measurable extent of an object, such as its length, width or diameter.

How closely a component’s measurements match its specified dimensions and permitted tolerances.

The ability of a material to retain its shape and dimensions rather than warp or distort.

A line of verse containing two metrical feet.

Describes an image that is smaller than its object.

The Jewish principle that ‘the law of the land is the law’: civil law is binding and should be respected.

A practice in China through which a child could take over a parent’s job when the parent retired.

The ‘Divine Faith’, introduced by Akbar in 1582 to bring together selected religious and ethical teachings from different traditions.

An area of the Church administered by a bishop.

An area of the Church overseen by a bishop and containing local parish communities.

A component that allows current to flow readily in one direction but has very high resistance in the reverse direction.

A component that allows current to flow in one direction only and has a very high resistance in the reverse direction.

An alcohol molecule containing two alcohol groups, $\mathrm{-OH}$.

An Athenian festival in honour of Dionysus.

The unit of lens power, symbol D; one dioptre is one reciprocal metre.

Coating a cleaned, preheated metal part by dipping it into fluidised polymer powder, which melts and adheres to its surface.

Having two sets of chromosomes, one inherited from each parent.

Describes a cell or nucleus containing two sets of chromosomes, one inherited from each parent.

The conduct of relations between countries through discussion and negotiation, including agreements and treaties.

Discussion and negotiation between countries or other political groups to manage relationships and seek agreement.

Managing relationships and disagreements through communication and negotiation rather than military force.

The official relationships and negotiations between countries.

A magnetic needle free to turn vertically as well as horizontally, so it can follow the local direction of Earth's magnetic field.

A compass whose magnetic needle can rotate in a vertical plane, allowing it to show the tilt of Earth’s magnetic field.

A temple layout with two rows of columns surrounding the central building.

Action that directly challenges an injustice, such as occupying a segregated facility, rather than relying only on petitions or court cases.

Campaigning that takes action directly on an issue, such as occupying a building.

Action that directly intervenes in a situation to highlight an issue or apply pressure, rather than relying only on requests to representatives.

Speaking directly to someone, often using their name or the pronoun ‘you’. In a poem, the person addressed may be absent.

Speaking or writing directly to the audience, often using ‘you’ or naming the people being addressed.