OCR GCSE Mathematics key terms

A chart for categorical data in which separate bars have heights proportional to their frequencies.

A number or algebraic quantity raised to a power; in $a^n$, $a$ is the base.

The starting value from which the height or length of a bar is measured.

A direction measured clockwise from north and written as a three-figure angle.

A systematic effect in the way a sample is selected or data is collected that makes some outcomes or members more likely to be represented than others.

A memory aid for Brackets, Indices, Division and Multiplication, Addition and Subtraction. BODMAS uses Orders instead of Indices.

An algebraic expression containing exactly two terms, such as $x+3$ or $2x-5$.

To divide a line segment into two parts of equal length.

Data involving two variables recorded as a pair for each individual, object or occasion.

A line or curve separating the points that satisfy an inequality from those that do not.

The straight line obtained by replacing the inequality sign in a linear inequality with an equals sign.

A diagram showing a distribution using its minimum, lower quartile, median, upper quartile and maximum.

Symbols such as parentheses that group part of an expression and show that it must be evaluated first.

A line on a tree diagram representing one possible outcome at a particular stage; its label can show that outcome and its probability.

An axis that omits part of its numerical range, normally shown using a break mark.

The amount of liquid or other material that a container can hold, commonly measured in millilitres or litres.

Data placed into named groups rather than recorded as numerical measurements, such as eye colour or method of travel.

A relationship in which a change in one factor produces a change in another.

A study that attempts to collect data from every member of the population.

The angle formed at the centre of a circle by two radii.

The point inside a circle that is the same distance from every point on its circumference.

The fixed point from which the positions of all vertices are measured during an enlargement.

The fixed point about which a shape is rotated.

An event that is guaranteed to happen; its probability is 1.

Using a related calculation, often involving an inverse operation, to test whether an answer is correct.

A straight line joining two points on a curve; its gradient gives the average rate of change between them.

A set of points in a plane that are all the same distance from one fixed point.