OCR GCSE Mathematics key terms

A solid with six rectangular faces, arranged in three matching opposite pairs.

A running total of frequencies, showing how many observations lie below or at successive data values or class boundaries.

A graph formed by plotting cumulative frequency against class boundaries.

A simpler region removed from a larger enclosing shape when area is found by subtraction.

A four-sided shape whose vertices all lie on the circumference of one circle.

A solid with two equal, parallel circular faces joined by a curved surface.

A way of writing a number using place value to the right of a decimal point, such as $0.6$ or $1.25$.

The number of digits written after the decimal point.

A systematic search using successively smaller decimal steps to narrow the interval containing a root.

How precisely a value is stated, such as to the nearest centimetre or to three significant figures.

The expression below the fraction line; it must not have the value zero.

Mass per unit of volume, calculated using density = mass ÷ volume.

Events for which knowing whether one occurred changes the probability of the other.

A reduction in the value of an item over time, often calculated as a percentage of its current value in each period.

An arrangement from the largest value to the smallest value.

A line segment joining two non-adjacent vertices of a polygon.

A line segment through the centre of a circle whose endpoints lie on the circumference; it is twice the radius.

The result of a subtraction.

A relationship in which one quantity is always a fixed multiple of another, so their ratio is constant.

A break in a graph where the function has no value or the curve cannot be drawn continuously.

Numerical data that can take separate, countable values, such as the number of pets in a household.

A quantity made from separate countable values, usually whole numbers, such as a number of cars.

The expression $b^2-4ac$ in the quadratic formula, whose sign determines the number of real solutions.

The change in position, including direction. On a velocity–time graph it is represented by signed area: area above the time axis is positive and area below it is negative.

A graph showing how an object's distance from a stated point changes over time.

The rule $a(b+c)=ab+ac$, which says that a factor outside a bracket multiplies every term inside it.

The number being divided. In $8.4 \div 3$, the dividend is $8.4$.

The number by which another number is divided. In $8.4 \div 3$, the divisor is $3$.