Eduqas GCSE Geography A key terms

The middle value in an ordered dataset; with an even number of values, the mean of the two middle values.

A city with more than 10 million residents.

The local climatic conditions of a small area, which may differ from those of the surrounding area.

A long underwater mountain chain formed where magma rises and creates new oceanic crust at a constructive margin.

The movement of people from one place to another involving a change of usual residence.

An action that tackles the causes of climate change by reducing greenhouse gas emissions or increasing the removal of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.

A development that combines different activities, such as housing, shopping, restaurants and leisure.

The class interval containing the greatest number of observations in grouped data.

The value that occurs most frequently in a dataset.

Repeated observation and measurement of changes that may indicate a developing hazard.

Growing a single crop over an area.

A seasonal change in prevailing winds that produces contrasting wet and dry seasons.

Aid channelled through an international organisation, such as the United Nations or World Bank, which funds projects in recipient countries.

A large business with branches in several countries.

A business that owns or controls operations in more than one country, also called a transnational corporation (TNC).

The process by which an initial increase in jobs and income generates further economic activity as people spend their earnings.

An area protected for its beautiful countryside, wildlife and cultural heritage.

An increase in population when births outnumber deaths, excluding migration.

The difference between the number of births and deaths in a population over a period. It is positive when births exceed deaths and negative when deaths exceed births.

A process in which an initial loss of jobs, income or population causes further falls in spending, employment and services.

The number of deaths during the first 28 days of life per 1,000 live births.

The number of people moving into an area minus the number moving out over a period.

A balance in which remaining greenhouse gas emissions are matched by removals, so there is no overall addition to the atmosphere.

A country experiencing industrial growth and an increasing role for manufacturing and services in its economy.

A country undergoing substantial industrial growth and economic change, although incomes and living standards remain uneven.

A non-governmental organisation that operates independently of government, often providing aid or supporting development.

An organisation independent of government that works towards aims such as reducing poverty or improving health; examples include ActionAid and Oxfam.